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Bar News Acts League

The Constitution of India, 1950

Act ID: 1950

The Constitution of India, 1950

"The supreme law of India laying down the framework for political principles, establishing the structure, procedures, powers, and duties of government institutions, and setting out fundamental rights, directive principles, and duties of citizens."

Table of Contents

492 Sections

Ch. Preamble

Preamble

S.Article PreambleThe Preamble

Ch. Part I

The Union and its Territory

S.Article 1Name and territory of the Union S.Article 2Admission or establishment of new States S.Article 2ASikkim to be associated with the Union [Omitted]S.Article 3Formation of new States and alteration of areas, boundaries or names of existing States S.Article 4Laws made under articles 2 and 3 to provide for the amendment of the First and the Fourth Schedules

Ch. Part II

Citizenship

S.Article 10Continuance of the rights of citizenship S.Article 11Parliament to regulate the right of citizenship by law S.Article 5Citizenship at the commencement of the Constitution S.Article 6Rights of citizenship of certain persons who have migrated to India from Pakistan S.Article 7Rights of citizenship of certain migrants to Pakistan S.Article 8Rights of citizenship of certain persons of Indian origin residing outside India S.Article 9Persons voluntarily acquiring citizenship of a foreign State not to be citizens

Ch. Part III

Fundamental Rights

S.Article 12Definition S.Article 13Laws inconsistent with or in derogation of the fundamental rights S.Article 14Equality before law S.Article 15Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth S.Article 16Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment S.Article 17Abolition of Untouchability S.Article 18Abolition of titles S.Article 19Protection of certain rights regarding freedom of speech, etc.S.Article 20Protection in respect of conviction for offences S.Article 21Protection of life and personal liberty S.Article 21ARight to education S.Article 22Protection against arrest and detention in certain cases S.Article 23Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour S.Article 24Prohibition of employment of children in factories, etc.S.Article 25Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion S.Article 26Freedom to manage religious affairs S.Article 27Freedom as to payment of taxes for promotion of any particular religion S.Article 28Freedom as to attendance at religious instruction or religious worship in certain educational institutions S.Article 29Protection of interests of minorities S.Article 30Right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions S.Article 31Compulsory acquisition of property [Omitted]S.Article 31ASaving of Laws providing for acquisition of estates, etc.S.Article 31BValidation of certain Acts and Regulations S.Article 31CSaving of laws giving effect to certain directive principles S.Article 31DSaving of laws in respect of anti-national activities [Omitted]S.Article 32Remedies for enforcement of rights conferred by this Part S.Article 32AConstitutional validity of State laws not to be considered in proceedings under article 32 [Omitted]S.Article 33Power of Parliament to modify the rights conferred by this Part in their application to Forces, etc.S.Article 34Restriction on rights conferred by this Part while martial law is in force in any area S.Article 35Legislation to give effect to the provisions of this Part

Ch. Part IV

Directive Principles of State Policy

S.Article 36Definition S.Article 37Application of the principles contained in this Part S.Article 38State to secure a social order for the promotion of welfare of the people S.Article 39Certain principles of policy to be followed by the State S.Article 39AEqual justice and free legal aid S.Article 40Organisation of village panchayats S.Article 41Right to work, to education and to public assistance in certain cases S.Article 42Provision for just and humane conditions of work and maternity relief S.Article 43Living wage, etc., for workers S.Article 43AParticipation of workers in management of Industries S.Article 43BPromotion of co-operative societies S.Article 44Uniform civil code for the citizens S.Article 45Provision for early childhood care and education to children below the age of six years S.Article 46Promotion of educational and economic interests of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and other weaker sections S.Article 47Duty of the State to raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living and to improve public health S.Article 48Organisation of agriculture and animal husbandry S.Article 48AProtection and improvement of environment and safeguarding of forests and wild life S.Article 49Protection of monuments and places and objects of national importance S.Article 50Separation of judiciary from executive S.Article 51Promotion of international peace and security

Ch. Part IVA

Fundamental Duties

S.Article 51AFundamental duties

Ch. Part V

The Union

S.Article 100Voting in Houses, power of Houses to act notwithstanding vacancies and quorum S.Article 101Vacation of seats S.Article 102Disqualifications for membership S.Article 103Decision on questions as to disqualifications of members S.Article 104Penalty for sitting and voting before making oath or affirmation under article 99 S.Article 105Powers, privileges, etc., of the Houses of Parliament and of the members and committees thereof S.Article 106Salaries and allowances of members S.Article 107Provisions as to introduction and passing of Bills S.Article 108Joint sitting of both Houses in certain cases S.Article 109Special procedure in respect of Money Bills S.Article 110Definition of Money Bills S.Article 111Assent to Bills S.Article 112Annual financial statement S.Article 113Procedure in Parliament with respect to estimates S.Article 114Appropriation Bills S.Article 115Supplementary, additional or excess grants S.Article 116Votes on account, votes of credit and exceptional grants S.Article 117Special provisions as to financial Bills S.Article 118Rules of procedure S.Article 119Regulation by law of procedure in Parliament in relation to financial business S.Article 120Language to be used in Parliament S.Article 121Restriction on discussion in Parliament S.Article 122Courts not to inquire into proceedings of Parliament S.Article 123Power of President to promulgate Ordinances during recess of Parliament S.Article 124Establishment and constitution of the Supreme Court S.Article 124ANational Judicial Appointments Commission S.Article 124BFunctions of Commission S.Article 124CPower of Parliament to make law S.Article 125Salaries, etc., of Judges S.Article 126Appointment of acting Chief Justice S.Article 127Appointment of ad hoc Judges S.Article 128Attendance of retired Judges at sittings of the Supreme Court S.Article 129Supreme Court to be a court of record S.Article 130Seat of Supreme Court S.Article 131Original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court S.Article 131AExclusive jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in regard to questions as to constitutional validity of Central laws [Omitted]S.Article 132Appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in appeals from High Courts in certain cases S.Article 133Appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in appeals from High Courts in regard to civil matters S.Article 134Appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in regard to criminal matters S.Article 134ACertificate for appeal to the Supreme Court S.Article 135Jurisdiction and powers of the Federal Court under existing law to be exercisable by the Supreme Court S.Article 136Special leave to appeal by the Supreme Court S.Article 137Review of judgments or orders by the Supreme Court S.Article 138Enlargement of the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court S.Article 139Conferment on the Supreme Court of powers to issue certain writs S.Article 139ATransfer of certain cases S.Article 140Ancillary powers of the Supreme Court S.Article 141Law declared by Supreme Court to be binding on all courts S.Article 142Enforcement of decrees and orders of the Supreme Court S.Article 143Power of the President to consult the Supreme Court S.Article 144Civil and judicial authorities to act in aid of the Supreme Court S.Article 144ASpecial provisions as to disposal of questions relating to constitutional validity of laws [Omitted]S.Article 145Rules of Court, etc.S.Article 146Officers and servants and the expenses of the Supreme Court S.Article 147Interpretation S.Article 148Comptroller and Auditor-General of India S.Article 149Duties and powers of the Comptroller and Auditor-General S.Article 150Form of accounts of the Union and of the States S.Article 151Audit reports S.Article 52The President of India S.Article 53Executive power of the Union S.Article 54Election of President S.Article 55Manner of election of President S.Article 56Term of office of President S.Article 57Eligibility for re-election S.Article 58Qualifications for election as President S.Article 59Conditions of President's office S.Article 60Oath or affirmation by the President S.Article 61Procedure for impeachment of the President S.Article 62Time of holding election to fill vacancy in the office of President S.Article 63The Vice-President of India S.Article 64The Vice-President to be ex officio Chairman of the Council of States S.Article 65The Vice-President to act as President or to discharge his functions during casual vacancies S.Article 66Election of Vice-President S.Article 67Term of office of Vice-President S.Article 68Time of holding election to fill vacancy in the office of Vice-President S.Article 69Oath or affirmation by the Vice-President S.Article 70Discharge of President's functions in other contingencies S.Article 71Matters relating to the election of a President or Vice-President S.Article 72Power of President to grant pardons, etc., and to suspend, remit or commute sentences S.Article 73Extent of executive power of the Union S.Article 74Council of Ministers to aid and advise President S.Article 75Other provisions as to Ministers S.Article 76Attorney-General for India S.Article 77Conduct of business of the Government of India S.Article 78Duties of Prime Minister as respects the furnishing of information to the President S.Article 79Constitution of Parliament S.Article 80Composition of the Council of States S.Article 81Composition of the House of the People S.Article 82Readjustment after each census S.Article 83Duration of Houses of Parliament S.Article 84Qualification for membership of Parliament S.Article 85Sessions of Parliament, prorogation and dissolution S.Article 86Right of President to address and send messages to Houses S.Article 87Special address by the President S.Article 88Rights of Ministers and Attorney-General as respects Houses S.Article 89The Chairman and Deputy Chairman of the Council of States S.Article 90Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the office of Deputy Chairman S.Article 91Power of the Deputy Chairman or other person to perform the duties of, or to act as, Chairman S.Article 92The Chairman or Deputy Chairman not to preside while a resolution for his removal is under consideration S.Article 93The Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the House of the People S.Article 94Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the offices of Speaker and Deputy Speaker S.Article 95Power of the Deputy Speaker or other person to perform the duties of, or to act as, Speaker S.Article 96The Speaker or Deputy Speaker not to preside while a resolution for his removal is under consideration S.Article 97Salaries and allowances of the Chairman and Deputy Chairman and the Speaker and Deputy Speaker S.Article 98Secretariat of Parliament S.Article 99Oath or affirmation by members

Ch. Part VI

The States

S.Article 152Definition S.Article 153Governors of States S.Article 154Executive power of State S.Article 155Appointment of Governor S.Article 156Term of office of Governor S.Article 157Qualifications for appointment as Governor S.Article 158Conditions of Governor's office S.Article 159Oath or affirmation by the Governor S.Article 160Discharge of the functions of the Governor in certain contingencies S.Article 161Power of Governor to grant pardons, etc.S.Article 162Extent of executive power of State S.Article 163Council of Ministers to aid and advise Governor S.Article 164Other provisions as to Ministers S.Article 165Advocate-General for the State S.Article 166Conduct of business of the Government of a State S.Article 167Duties of Chief Minister as respects the furnishing of information to Governor S.Article 168Constitution of Legislatures in States S.Article 169Abolition or creation of Legislative Councils in States S.Article 170Composition of the Legislative Assemblies S.Article 171Composition of the Legislative Councils S.Article 172Duration of State Legislatures S.Article 173Qualification for membership of the State Legislature S.Article 174Sessions of the State Legislature, prorogation and dissolution S.Article 175Right of Governor to address and send messages to the House or Houses S.Article 176Special address by the Governor S.Article 177Rights of Ministers and Advocate-General as respects the Houses S.Article 178The Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly S.Article 179Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, offices of Speaker and Deputy Speaker S.Article 180Power of the Deputy Speaker or other person to act as Speaker S.Article 181The Speaker or Deputy Speaker not to preside while a resolution for removal is under consideration S.Article 182The Chairman and Deputy Chairman of the Legislative Council S.Article 183Vacation and resignation of Chairman and Deputy Chairman S.Article 184Power of the Deputy Chairman or other person to act as Chairman S.Article 185The Chairman or Deputy Chairman not to preside while a resolution for removal is under consideration S.Article 186Salaries and allowances of Speaker, Deputy Speaker, Chairman and Deputy Chairman S.Article 187Secretariat of State Legislature S.Article 188Oath or affirmation by members S.Article 189Voting in Houses, power of Houses to act notwithstanding vacancies and quorum S.Article 190Vacation of seats S.Article 191Disqualifications for membership S.Article 192Decision on questions as to disqualifications of members S.Article 193Penalty for sitting and voting before making oath or affirmation S.Article 194Powers, privileges, etc., of the Houses of Legislatures S.Article 195Salaries and allowances of members S.Article 196Provisions as to introduction and passing of Bills S.Article 197Restriction on powers of Legislative Council as to Bills other than Money Bills S.Article 198Special procedure in respect of Money Bills S.Article 199Definition of Money Bills S.Article 200Assent to Bills S.Article 201Bills reserved for consideration S.Article 202Annual financial statement S.Article 203Procedure in Legislature with respect to estimates S.Article 204Appropriation Bills S.Article 205Supplementary, additional or excess grants S.Article 206Votes on account, votes of credit and exceptional grants S.Article 207Special provisions as to financial Bills S.Article 208Rules of procedure S.Article 209Regulation by law of procedure in relation to financial business S.Article 210Language to be used in the Legislature S.Article 211Restriction on discussion in the Legislature S.Article 212Courts not to inquire into proceedings of the Legislature S.Article 213Power of Governor to promulgate Ordinances during recess of Legislature S.Article 214High Courts for States S.Article 215High Courts to be courts of record S.Article 216Constitution of High Courts S.Article 217Appointment and conditions of the office of a Judge of a High Court S.Article 218Application of certain provisions relating to Supreme Court to High Courts S.Article 219Oath or affirmation by Judges of High Courts S.Article 220Restriction on practice after being a permanent Judge S.Article 221Salaries, etc., of Judges S.Article 222Transfer of a Judge from one High Court to another S.Article 223Appointment of acting Chief Justice S.Article 224Appointment of additional and acting Judges S.Article 224AAppointment of retired Judges at sittings of High Courts S.Article 225Jurisdiction of existing High Courts S.Article 226Power of High Courts to issue certain writs S.Article 226AConstitutional validity of Central laws not to be considered in proceedings under article 226 [Omitted]S.Article 227Power of superintendence over all courts by the High Court S.Article 228Transfer of certain cases to High Court S.Article 228ASpecial provisions as to disposal of questions relating to constitutional validity of State laws [Omitted]S.Article 229Officers and servants and the expenses of High Courts S.Article 230Extension of jurisdiction of High Courts to Union territories S.Article 231Establishment of a common High Court for two or more States S.Article 233Appointment of district judges S.Article 233AValidation of appointments of, and judgments delivered by, certain district judges S.Article 234Recruitment of persons other than district judges to the judicial service S.Article 235Control over subordinate courts S.Article 236Interpretation S.Article 237Application of the provisions of this Chapter to certain class of magistrates

Ch. Part VIII

The Union Territories

S.Article 239Administration of Union territories S.Article 239ACreation of local Legislatures or Council of Ministers for certain Union territories S.Article 239AASpecial provisions with respect to Delhi S.Article 239ABProvision in case of failure of constitutional machinery S.Article 239BPower of administrator to promulgate Ordinances during recess of Legislature S.Article 240Power of President to make regulations for certain Union territories S.Article 241High Courts for Union territories

Ch. Part IX

The Panchayats

S.Article 243Definitions S.Article 243AGram Sabha S.Article 243BConstitution of Panchayats S.Article 243CComposition of Panchayats S.Article 243DReservation of seats S.Article 243EDuration of Panchayats, etc.S.Article 243FDisqualifications for membership S.Article 243GPowers, authority and responsibilities of Panchayats S.Article 243HPowers to impose taxes by, and Funds of, the Panchayats S.Article 243IConstitution of Finance Commission to review financial position S.Article 243JAudit of accounts of Panchayats S.Article 243KElections to the Panchayats S.Article 243LApplication to Union territories S.Article 243MPart not to apply to certain areas S.Article 243NContinuance of existing laws and Panchayats S.Article 243OBar to interference by courts in electoral matters

Ch. Part IXA

The Municipalities

S.Article 243PDefinitions S.Article 243QConstitution of Municipalities S.Article 243RComposition of Municipalities S.Article 243SConstitution and composition of Wards Committees S.Article 243TReservation of seats S.Article 243UDuration of Municipalities, etc.S.Article 243VDisqualifications for membership S.Article 243WPowers, authority and responsibilities of Municipalities S.Article 243XPower to impose taxes by, and Funds of, the Municipalities S.Article 243YFinance Commission S.Article 243ZAudit of accounts of Municipalities S.Article 243ZAElections to the Municipalities S.Article 243ZBApplication to Union territories S.Article 243ZCPart not to apply to certain areas S.Article 243ZDCommittee for district planning S.Article 243ZECommittee for Metropolitan planning S.Article 243ZFContinuance of existing laws and Municipalities S.Article 243ZGBar to interference by courts in electoral matters

Ch. Part IXB

The Co-operative Societies

S.Article 243ZHDefinitions S.Article 243ZIIncorporation of co-operative societies S.Article 243ZJNumber and term of members of board and its office bearers S.Article 243ZKElection of members of board S.Article 243ZLSupersession and suspension of board and interim management S.Article 243ZMAudit of accounts of co-operative societies S.Article 243ZNConvening of general body meetings S.Article 243ZORight of a member to get information S.Article 243ZPReturns S.Article 243ZQOffences and penalties S.Article 243ZRApplication to multi-State co-operative societies S.Article 243ZSApplication to Union territories S.Article 243ZTContinuance of existing laws

Ch. Part X

The Scheduled and Tribal Areas

S.Article 244Administration of Scheduled Areas and Tribal Areas S.Article 244AFormation of an autonomous State comprising certain tribal areas in Assam

Ch. Part XI

Relations Between the Union and the States

S.Article 245Extent of laws made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States S.Article 246Subject-matter of laws made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States S.Article 246ASpecial provision with respect to goods and services tax S.Article 247Power of Parliament to provide for the establishment of certain additional courts S.Article 248Residuary powers of legislation S.Article 249Power of Parliament to legislate with respect to a matter in the State List in the national interest S.Article 250Power of Parliament to legislate with respect to any matter in the State List if a Proclamation of Emergency is in operation S.Article 251Inconsistency between laws made by Parliament under articles 249 and 250 and laws made by the Legislatures of States S.Article 252Power of Parliament to legislate for two or more States by consent S.Article 253Legislation for giving effect to international agreements S.Article 254Inconsistency between laws made by Parliament and laws made by the Legislatures of States S.Article 255Requirements as to recommendations and previous sanctions to be regarded as matters of procedure only S.Article 256Obligation of States and the Union S.Article 257Control of the Union over States in certain cases S.Article 258Power of the Union to confer powers on States in certain cases S.Article 258APower of the States to entrust functions to the Union S.Article 260Jurisdiction of the Union in relation to territories outside India S.Article 261Public acts, records and judicial proceedings S.Article 262Adjudication of disputes relating to waters of inter-State rivers or river valleys S.Article 263Provisions with respect to an inter-State Council

Ch. Part XII

Finance, Property, Contracts and Suits

S.Article 264Interpretation S.Article 265Taxes not to be imposed save by authority of law S.Article 266Consolidated Funds and public accounts of India and of the States S.Article 267Contingency Fund S.Article 268Duties levied by the Union but collected and appropriated by the States S.Article 269Taxes levied and collected by the Union but assigned to the States S.Article 269ALevy and collection of goods and services tax in course of inter-State trade or commerce S.Article 270Taxes levied and distributed between the Union and the States S.Article 271Surcharge on certain duties and taxes for purposes of the Union S.Article 273Grants in lieu of export duty on jute and jute products S.Article 274Prior recommendation of President required to Bills affecting taxation in which States are interested S.Article 275Grants from the Union to certain States S.Article 276Taxes on professions, trades, callings and employments S.Article 277Savings S.Article 279Calculation of net proceeds, etc.S.Article 279AGoods and Services Tax Council S.Article 280Finance Commission S.Article 281Recommendations of the Finance Commission S.Article 282Expenditure defrayable by the Union or a State out of its revenues S.Article 283Custody of Consolidated Funds, Contingency Funds and moneys credited to the public accounts S.Article 284Custody of suitors' deposits and other moneys received by public servants and courts S.Article 285Exemption of property of the Union from State taxation S.Article 286Restrictions as to imposition of tax on the sale or purchase of goods S.Article 287Exemption from taxes on electricity S.Article 288Exemption from taxation by States in respect of water or electricity in certain cases S.Article 289Exemption of property and income of a State from Union taxation S.Article 290Adjustment in respect of certain expenses and pensions S.Article 290AAnnual payment to certain Devaswom Funds S.Article 292Borrowing by the Government of India S.Article 293Borrowing by States S.Article 294Succession to property, assets, rights, liabilities and obligations in certain cases S.Article 295Succession to property, assets, etc., in other cases S.Article 296Property accruing by escheat or lapse or as bona vacantia S.Article 297Things of value within territorial waters or continental shelf to vest in the Union S.Article 298Power to carry on trade, etc.S.Article 299Contracts S.Article 300Suits and proceedings S.Article 300APersons not to be deprived of property save by authority of law

Ch. Part XIII

Trade, Commerce and Intercourse within the Territory of India

S.Article 301Freedom of trade, commerce and intercourse S.Article 302Power of Parliament to impose restrictions on trade, commerce and intercourse S.Article 303Restrictions on the legislative powers of the Union and of the States with regard to trade and commerce S.Article 304Restrictions on trade, commerce and intercourse among States S.Article 305Saving of existing laws and laws providing for State monopolies S.Article 307Appointment of authority for carrying out the purposes of articles 301 to 304

Ch. Part XIV

Services Under the Union and the States

S.Article 308Interpretation S.Article 309Recruitment and conditions of service of persons serving the Union or a State S.Article 310Tenure of office of persons serving the Union or a State S.Article 311Dismissal, removal or reduction in rank of persons employed in civil capacities S.Article 312All-India services S.Article 312APower of Parliament to vary or revoke conditions of service of officers of certain services S.Article 313Transitional provisions S.Article 315Public Service Commissions for the Union and for the States S.Article 316Appointment and term of office of members S.Article 317Removal and suspension of a member of a Public Service Commission S.Article 318Power to make regulations as to conditions of service S.Article 319Prohibition as to the holding of offices by members of Commission on ceasing to be such members S.Article 320Functions of Public Service Commissions S.Article 321Power to extend functions of Public Service Commissions S.Article 322Expenses of Public Service Commissions S.Article 323Reports of Public Service Commissions S.Article 323AAdministrative tribunals S.Article 323BTribunals for other matters

Ch. Part XV

Elections

S.Article 324Superintendence, direction and control of elections to be vested in an Election Commission S.Article 325No person to be ineligible for inclusion in, or to claim to be included in a special, electoral roll on grounds of religion, race, caste or sex S.Article 326Elections to the House of the People and to the Legislative Assemblies of States to be on the basis of adult suffrage S.Article 327Power of Parliament to make provision with respect to elections to Legislatures S.Article 328Power of Legislature of a State to make provision with respect to elections S.Article 329Bar to interference by courts in electoral matters

Ch. Part XVI

Special Provisions Relating to Certain Classes

S.Article 330Reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the House of the People S.Article 330AReservation of seats for women in the House of the People S.Article 331Representation of the Anglo-Indian community in the House of the People S.Article 332Reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the Legislative Assemblies S.Article 332AReservation of seats for women in the Legislative Assemblies of the States S.Article 333Representation of the Anglo-Indian community in the Legislative Assemblies S.Article 334Reservation of seats and special representation to cease after certain period S.Article 334AReservation of seats for women take effect S.Article 335Claims of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes to services and posts S.Article 336Special provision for Anglo-Indian community in certain services S.Article 337Special provision with respect to educational grants for the Anglo-Indian Community S.Article 338National Commission for Scheduled Castes S.Article 338ANational Commission for Scheduled Tribes S.Article 338BNational Commission for Backward Classes S.Article 339Control of the Union over Scheduled Areas and welfare of Scheduled Tribes S.Article 340Appointment of a Commission to investigate the conditions of backward classes S.Article 341Scheduled Castes S.Article 342Scheduled Tribes S.Article 342ASocially and educationally backward classes

Ch. Part XVII

Official Language

S.Article 343Official language of the Union S.Article 344Commission and Committee of Parliament on official language S.Article 345Official language or languages of a State S.Article 346Official language for communication between one State and another or between a State and the Union S.Article 347Special provision relating to language spoken by a section of the population of a State S.Article 348Language to be used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts S.Article 349Special procedure for enactment of certain laws relating to language S.Article 350Language to be used in representations for redress of grievances S.Article 350AFacilities for instruction in mother-tongue at primary stage S.Article 350BSpecial Officer for linguistic minorities S.Article 351Directive for development of the Hindi language

Ch. Part XVIII

Emergency Provisions

S.Article 352Proclamation of Emergency S.Article 353Effect of Proclamation of Emergency S.Article 354Application of provisions relating to distribution of revenues while a Proclamation of Emergency is in operation S.Article 355Duty of the Union to protect States against external aggression and internal disturbance S.Article 356Provisions in case of failure of constitutional machinery in States S.Article 357Exercise of legislative powers under Proclamation issued under article 356 S.Article 358Suspension of provisions of article 19 during emergencies S.Article 359Suspension of the enforcement of the rights conferred by Part III during emergencies S.Article 360Provisions as to financial emergency

Ch. Part XIX

Miscellaneous

S.Article 361Protection of President and Governors and Rajpramukhs S.Article 361AProtection of publication of proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures S.Article 361BDisqualification for appointment on remunerative political post S.Article 363Bar to interference by courts in disputes arising out of certain treaties, agreements, etc.S.Article 363ARecognition granted to Rulers of Indian States to cease and privy purses to be abolished S.Article 364Special provisions as to major ports and aerodromes S.Article 365Effect of failure to comply with, or to give effect to, directions given by the Union S.Article 366Definitions S.Article 367Interpretation

Ch. Part XX

Amendment of the Constitution

S.Article 368Power of Parliament to amend the Constitution and procedure therefor

Ch. Part XXI

Temporary, Transitional and Special Provisions

S.Article 369Temporary power to Parliament to make laws with respect to certain matters in the State List S.Article 370Temporary provisions with respect to the State of Jammu and Kashmir S.Article 371Special provision with respect to the States of Maharashtra and Gujarat S.Article 371ASpecial provision with respect to the State of Nagaland S.Article 371BSpecial provision with respect to the State of Assam S.Article 371CSpecial provision with respect to the State of Manipur S.Article 371DSpecial provisions with respect to the State of Andhra Pradesh or the State of Telangana S.Article 371EEstablishment of Central University in Andhra Pradesh S.Article 371FSpecial provisions with respect to the State of Sikkim S.Article 371GSpecial provision with respect to the State of Mizoram S.Article 371HSpecial provision with respect to the State of Arunachal Pradesh S.Article 371ISpecial provision with respect to the State of Goa S.Article 371JSpecial provisions with respect to the State of Karnataka S.Article 372Continuance in force of existing laws and their adaptation S.Article 372APower of the President to adapt laws S.Article 373Power of President to make order in respect of persons under preventive detention S.Article 374Provisions as to Judges of the Federal Court S.Article 375Courts, authorities and officers to continue to function subject to the provisions of the Constitution S.Article 376Provisions as to Judges of High Courts S.Article 377Provisions as to Comptroller and Auditor-General of India S.Article 378Provisions as to Public Service Commissions S.Article 378ASpecial provision as to duration of Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly S.Article 392Power of the President to remove difficulties

Ch. Part XXII

Short Title, Commencement, Authoritative Text in Hindi and Repeals

S.Article 393Short title S.Article 394Commencement S.Article 394AAuthoritative text in the Hindi language S.Article 395Repeals

Ch. Schedules

Schedules

S.Sch.1First Schedule — The States and Union Territories S.Sch.10Tenth Schedule — Provisions as to disqualification on ground of defection S.Sch.11Eleventh Schedule — Powers, authority and responsibilities of Panchayats S.Sch.12Twelfth Schedule — Powers, authority and responsibilities of Municipalities S.Sch.2Second Schedule — Provisions relating to emoluments, privileges, etc.S.Sch.3Third Schedule — Forms of Oaths or Affirmations S.Sch.4Fourth Schedule — Allocation of seats in the Council of States S.Sch.5Fifth Schedule — Administration and Control of Scheduled Areas and Scheduled Tribes S.Sch.6Sixth Schedule — Administration of Tribal Areas in Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura and Mizoram S.Sch.7Seventh Schedule — Union List, State List, Concurrent List S.Sch.8Eighth Schedule — Languages S.Sch.9Ninth Schedule — Validation of certain Acts and Regulations