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Indian case law by case name, citation, provision or legal issue, with the case summary, the judgment text where we hold it and the provisions it applies.
1–20 · Page 1 of 2
Supreme Court of Indiaundefined undefined NaNFull text
(2018) 10 SCC 1
Decriminalized consensual adult same-sex relations; constitutional morality prevails over popular morality; individual autonomy and sexual orientation protected under Article 21.
Indian case law by case name, citation, provision or legal issue, with the case summary, the judgment text where we hold it and the provisions it applies.
1–20 · Page 1 of 2
Supreme Court of Indiaundefined undefined NaNFull text
(2018) 10 SCC 1
Decriminalized consensual adult same-sex relations; constitutional morality prevails over popular morality; individual autonomy and sexual orientation protected under Article 21.
Supreme Court of Indiaundefined undefined NaNFull textCited by 1
(2017) 9 SCC 1
Manifest arbitrariness is an independent constitutional ground to invalidate primary and subordinate legislation under Article 14. Triple Talaq (Talaq-e-biddat) struck down as manifestly arbitrary.
Supreme Court of Indiaundefined undefined NaNFull textCited by 1
(2017) 10 SCC 1
Unanimously affirmed that the right to privacy is a fundamental right emanating from Article 21 and the right to personal liberty, protecting spatial, decisional, and informational privacy.
Supreme Court of Indiaundefined undefined NaNFull textCited by 1
(2015) 5 SCC 1
Established clear distinction between discussion, advocacy, and incitement; Section 66A of IT Act struck down for being unconstitutionally vague, overbroad, and causing a chilling effect on speech.
Supreme Court of Indiaundefined undefined NaNFull text
(2014) 2 SCC 1
Registration of FIR is mandatory under Section 154 if information discloses cognizable offence; preliminary enquiry allowed only in 5 exceptions (matrimonial, commercial, medical, corruption, abnormal delay) within 7 days. | Mandatory registration of FIR for cognizable offences applied directly under Section 173 BNSS.
Supreme Court of Indiaundefined undefined NaNFull textCited by 2
(1997) 6 SCC 241
Gender equality and freedom from sexual harassment at the workplace are guaranteed under Articles 14, 19, and 21; formulated Vishaka Guidelines in the absence of enacted legislation.
Supreme Court of India1997
(1997) 3 SCC 261
The power of judicial review vested in High Courts under Article 226 and Supreme Court under Article 32 is an integral part of the Basic Structure; tribunal decisions remain subject to writ jurisdiction.
Supreme Court of Indiaundefined undefined NaNFull textCited by 2
(1997) 1 SCC 416
Formulated 11 mandatory guidelines to prevent custodial torture and deaths; arrest memo, medical examination, and notification to relatives are mandatory Article 21 protections.
Supreme Court of Indiaundefined undefined NaNFull textCited by 1
(1994) 3 SCC 1
Secularism is an essential feature of the Basic Structure of the Constitution; mixing politics with religion is impermissible and justifies imposition of President's Rule under Article 356.
Supreme Court of Indiaundefined undefined NaNFull text
1992 Supp (3) SCC 217
Mandal: reservations capped at 50%, creamy layer excluded, no reservation in promotions (later modified by 77th Amendment).
Supreme Court of Indiaundefined undefined NaNFull text
(1987) 1 SCC 395
Right to live in a clean and healthy environment is an integral facet of Article 21; evolved the doctrine of absolute liability for hazardous industrial enterprises.
Supreme Court of Indiaundefined undefined NaNFull text
AIR 1986 SC 180
Right to life includes the right to livelihood, as no person can live without means of sustenance; procedural fairness and natural justice required prior to eviction of pavement dwellers.
Supreme Court of India1984Cited by 2
(1984) 3 SCC 161
Public Interest Litigation (PIL) under Article 32 to liberate bonded laborers; liberalized procedural rules of standing and appointed socio-legal commissions of inquiry.
Supreme Court of Indiaundefined undefined NaNFull textCited by 1
(1983) 4 SCC 141
Compensation can be granted under Article 32 for unlawful detention.
Supreme Court of India1981
AIR 1982 SC 149
Broadened locus standi for PILs; any public-spirited citizen or NGO can approach the court under Article 32/226 for redressing public wrongs against underprivileged sections.
Supreme Court of India1980
(1980) 3 SCC 488
Epistolary jurisdiction established; dynamic writ of Habeas Corpus to protect prisoners against custodial violence, cruel treatment, and solitary confinement.
Supreme Court of Indiaundefined undefined NaNFull textCited by 1
(1980) 3 SCC 625
Limited amending power is itself basic; clauses excluding judicial review of amendments struck down; harmony between Parts III and IV.
Supreme Court of Indiaundefined undefined NaNFull textCited by 2
(1980) 2 SCC 684
Death penalty under Section 302 IPC can only be awarded in the 'rarest of rare' cases when alternative option of life imprisonment is unquestionably foreclosed; balance sheet of aggravating and mitigating factors. | Rarest of rare doctrine governing capital punishment applied to Section 103 BNS (punishment for murder).
Supreme Court of Indiaundefined undefined NaNFull textCited by 2
AIR 1978 SC 597
Article 14 strikes at arbitrariness in State action and ensures fairness and equality of treatment; the principle of reasonableness pervades Article 14 like a brooding omnipresence. | Procedure established by law under Article 21 must be just, fair, and reasonable, not arbitrary or fanciful. Established the Golden Triangle connecting Articles 14, 19, and 21.
Supreme Court of India1976Cited by 1
(1976) 2 SCC 521
Majority upheld suspension of habeas corpus during Emergency; famously overruled in Puttaswamy (2017).
Also on Law on Tips: Bare Acts · Legal news and analysis
Supreme Court of Indiaundefined undefined NaNFull textCited by 1
(2017) 9 SCC 1
Manifest arbitrariness is an independent constitutional ground to invalidate primary and subordinate legislation under Article 14. Triple Talaq (Talaq-e-biddat) struck down as manifestly arbitrary.
Supreme Court of Indiaundefined undefined NaNFull textCited by 1
(2017) 10 SCC 1
Unanimously affirmed that the right to privacy is a fundamental right emanating from Article 21 and the right to personal liberty, protecting spatial, decisional, and informational privacy.
Supreme Court of Indiaundefined undefined NaNFull textCited by 1
(2015) 5 SCC 1
Established clear distinction between discussion, advocacy, and incitement; Section 66A of IT Act struck down for being unconstitutionally vague, overbroad, and causing a chilling effect on speech.
Supreme Court of Indiaundefined undefined NaNFull text
(2014) 2 SCC 1
Registration of FIR is mandatory under Section 154 if information discloses cognizable offence; preliminary enquiry allowed only in 5 exceptions (matrimonial, commercial, medical, corruption, abnormal delay) within 7 days. | Mandatory registration of FIR for cognizable offences applied directly under Section 173 BNSS.
Supreme Court of Indiaundefined undefined NaNFull textCited by 2
(1997) 6 SCC 241
Gender equality and freedom from sexual harassment at the workplace are guaranteed under Articles 14, 19, and 21; formulated Vishaka Guidelines in the absence of enacted legislation.
Supreme Court of India1997
(1997) 3 SCC 261
The power of judicial review vested in High Courts under Article 226 and Supreme Court under Article 32 is an integral part of the Basic Structure; tribunal decisions remain subject to writ jurisdiction.
Supreme Court of Indiaundefined undefined NaNFull textCited by 2
(1997) 1 SCC 416
Formulated 11 mandatory guidelines to prevent custodial torture and deaths; arrest memo, medical examination, and notification to relatives are mandatory Article 21 protections.
Supreme Court of Indiaundefined undefined NaNFull textCited by 1
(1994) 3 SCC 1
Secularism is an essential feature of the Basic Structure of the Constitution; mixing politics with religion is impermissible and justifies imposition of President's Rule under Article 356.
Supreme Court of Indiaundefined undefined NaNFull text
1992 Supp (3) SCC 217
Mandal: reservations capped at 50%, creamy layer excluded, no reservation in promotions (later modified by 77th Amendment).
Supreme Court of Indiaundefined undefined NaNFull text
(1987) 1 SCC 395
Right to live in a clean and healthy environment is an integral facet of Article 21; evolved the doctrine of absolute liability for hazardous industrial enterprises.
Supreme Court of Indiaundefined undefined NaNFull text
AIR 1986 SC 180
Right to life includes the right to livelihood, as no person can live without means of sustenance; procedural fairness and natural justice required prior to eviction of pavement dwellers.
Supreme Court of India1984Cited by 2
(1984) 3 SCC 161
Public Interest Litigation (PIL) under Article 32 to liberate bonded laborers; liberalized procedural rules of standing and appointed socio-legal commissions of inquiry.
Supreme Court of Indiaundefined undefined NaNFull textCited by 1
(1983) 4 SCC 141
Compensation can be granted under Article 32 for unlawful detention.
Supreme Court of India1981
AIR 1982 SC 149
Broadened locus standi for PILs; any public-spirited citizen or NGO can approach the court under Article 32/226 for redressing public wrongs against underprivileged sections.
Supreme Court of India1980
(1980) 3 SCC 488
Epistolary jurisdiction established; dynamic writ of Habeas Corpus to protect prisoners against custodial violence, cruel treatment, and solitary confinement.
Supreme Court of Indiaundefined undefined NaNFull textCited by 1
(1980) 3 SCC 625
Limited amending power is itself basic; clauses excluding judicial review of amendments struck down; harmony between Parts III and IV.
Supreme Court of Indiaundefined undefined NaNFull textCited by 2
(1980) 2 SCC 684
Death penalty under Section 302 IPC can only be awarded in the 'rarest of rare' cases when alternative option of life imprisonment is unquestionably foreclosed; balance sheet of aggravating and mitigating factors. | Rarest of rare doctrine governing capital punishment applied to Section 103 BNS (punishment for murder).
Supreme Court of Indiaundefined undefined NaNFull textCited by 2
AIR 1978 SC 597
Article 14 strikes at arbitrariness in State action and ensures fairness and equality of treatment; the principle of reasonableness pervades Article 14 like a brooding omnipresence. | Procedure established by law under Article 21 must be just, fair, and reasonable, not arbitrary or fanciful. Established the Golden Triangle connecting Articles 14, 19, and 21.
Supreme Court of India1976Cited by 1
(1976) 2 SCC 521
Majority upheld suspension of habeas corpus during Emergency; famously overruled in Puttaswamy (2017).
Also on Law on Tips: Bare Acts · Legal news and analysis