Distinction between Section 149 (membership of unlawful assembly sharing common object) and Section 34 (prior concert); mere passive presence in crowd does not attract Section 149. | Common object requirements and vicarious liability applied under Section 190 BNS.
Constructive liability under Section 149; offence committed must be in prosecution of the common object of the unlawful assembly or such as members knew to be likely. | Constructive liability of members of unlawful assembly applied to Section 190 of BNS (corresponding to Section 149 IPC).
Distinction between Section 149 (membership of unlawful assembly sharing common object) and Section 34 (prior concert); mere passive presence in crowd does not attract Section 149. | Common object requirements and vicarious liability applied under Section 190 BNS.
Constructive liability under Section 149; offence committed must be in prosecution of the common object of the unlawful assembly or such as members knew to be likely. | Constructive liability of members of unlawful assembly applied to Section 190 of BNS (corresponding to Section 149 IPC).