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Indian case law by case name, citation, provision or legal issue, with the case summary, the judgment text where we hold it and the provisions it applies.
101–120 · Page 6 of 16
Supreme Court of India20 Apr 2011Full text
2011 INSC 319 · [2011] 5 S.C.R. 518
trite that death sentence can be inflicted only in a case which comes within the category of rarest of the rare cases but there is no hard and fast rule and the parameter to decide this vexed issue … This Court had the occasion to consider the cases -which can be termed as rarest of the rare cases and G although certain comprehensive guidelines have been laid to adjLl~ge this issue but no hard and fast
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India11 Dec 2012Full text
Indian case law by case name, citation, provision or legal issue, with the case summary, the judgment text where we hold it and the provisions it applies.
101–120 · Page 6 of 16
Supreme Court of India20 Apr 2011Full text
2011 INSC 319 · [2011] 5 S.C.R. 518
trite that death sentence can be inflicted only in a case which comes within the category of rarest of the rare cases but there is no hard and fast rule and the parameter to decide this vexed issue … This Court had the occasion to consider the cases -which can be termed as rarest of the rare cases and G although certain comprehensive guidelines have been laid to adjLl~ge this issue but no hard and fast
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India11 Dec 2012Full text
2012 INSC 581 · [2012] 13 S.C.R. 740
principles in Bachan Singh (supra) and Machhi Singh (supra) and proceeded to state as follows:-c "The rarest of the rare case" comes when a convict would be a menace and threat to the harmonious and peaceful coexistence … society. The crime may be heinous or brutal but may not be in the category of "the rarest of the rare case". There must be no reason to believe that the D accused cannot be reformed or rehabilitated
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India1 Jul 2014Full text
2014 INSC 445 · [2014] 6 S.C.R. 1044
Haresh Mohandas Rajput vs. State Of Maharashtra, 2011 (12) sec 56, which reads as under: "The rarest of the rare case" comes when a convict would G be a menace and threat to the harmonious and peaceful coexistence … society. The crime may be heinous or brutal but may not be in the category of "the rarest of the rare case". There must be no reason to believe that the accused cannot be reformed or rehabilitated and
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India28 Nov 2013Full text
2013 INSC 794 · [2013] 12 S.C.R. 947
The rarest of the rare case' comes when a convict would be a menace and threat to the harmonious and peaceful coexistence of the society. The crime may be E heinous or brutal but may not … the category of 'the rarest of the rare case'. There must be no reason to believe that the accused cannot be reformed or rehabilitated and that he is likely to continue criminal acts of violence as would constitute
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India22 Apr 2013Full text
2013 INSC 274 · [2013] 6 S.C.R. 361
The rarest of the rare case" comes when a convict would be a menace and threat to the harmonious and peaceful coexistence of the society. The crime may be heinous or D brutal but may not … the category of "the rarest of the rare case". There must be no reason to believe that the accused cannot be reformed or rehabilitated and that he is likely to continue criminal acts of violence as would constitute
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India7 May 2012Full text
2012 INSC 204 · [2012] 5 S.C.R. 696
The rarest of the rare case" comes when a convict would be a menace and threat to the harmonious and peaceful F coexistence of the society. The crime may be heinous or brutal but may not … the category of "the rarest of the rare case". There must be no reason to believe that the accused cannot bE3 reformed or rehabilitated and that he is likely to continue criminal acts of violence as would
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India28 Mar 2023Full text
2023 INSC 306 · [2023] 4 S.C.R. 669
the appellant, the Trial Court found that the case was not falling in the category of the ‘rarest of the rare’ cases. This Court must hasten to add that the fact that the accused has no antecedents … consideration by itself for deciding whether the accused A will fall in the category of the ‘rarest of the rare’ cases. [Para
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India27 Oct 2014Full text
2014 INSC 1019 · [2014] 11 S.C.R. 573
dealt with a case of rape and murder, and considered the question whether it would constitute a rarest of the rare case. In that case, the accused caused injury to the deceased only \;Vhen she threatened to disclose … commit the murder and thus F ,in those circumstances, the case would not meet the standard of rarest of the rare. Furthermore, the Court noted that !her~ was nothing on record to indicate that the accused would
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India16 Dec 2015Full text
2015 INSC 930 · [2015] 10 S.C.R. 1087
penalty is an exception. It is equally settled law that death penalty can only be awarded in rarest of the rare cases. No doubt each case of murder is gruesome and barbaric, however, the right of life … large. This Court is, thus, inclined that the present case is not within the category of rarest of the rare cases and hence we need not burden ourselves with scaling each and every aggravating and mitigating circumstances. The
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India6 Mar 2025Full text
2025 INSC 335 · [2025] 3 S.C.R. 490
resolved a judge’s dilemma. Often it happens that a case that falls short of the rarest of the rare category may also be one where a mere sentence of 14 years (the normal benchmark for life imprisonment … this Court may find, as in the present appeal, that the case just falls short of the rarest of the rare category and may feel somewhat reluctant in endorsing the death sentence
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India21 May 2014Full text
2015 INSC 316 · [2014] 14 S.C.R. 1
settled that awarding of life sentence is the rule, death is an exception. The application of "the rarest of the rare case" principle is B dependent upon and differs from case to case. However, the principles laid down … referred to therein, we find that the case still does not fall within the .category of the "rarest of tlie rare case" though it calls for a stringent punishment. ~ Therefore, while modifying the sentence from one
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India25 Apr 2023Full text
2023 INSC 426 · [2023] 4 S.C.R. 480
death penalty, the Trial Court may come to a conclusion that the case is not a ‘rarest of F the rare’ case. In such a situation, depending upon the punishment prescribed for the offence committed, the Trial Court … However, when a Constitutional Court finds that though a case is not falling in the category of ‘rarest of the rare’ case, considering G the gravity and nature of the offence and all other relevant factors, it can
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India31 Mar 2014Full text
2014 INSC 228 · [2014] 4 S.C.R. 1138
Punjab (1980) G 2 SCC 684 that the sentence of death can only be imposed in the rarest of rare cases. Meaning. of course, all death sentences imposed are impliedly the most heinous and barbaric and rarest
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India10 Jul 2012Full text
2012 INSC 279 · [2012] 6 S.C.R. 876
but such power may prefe.rably be exercised by the courts. Further, it will be in th'e rarest of rare cases and where the, ends of justice1wouldI be subverted or the process of law would stand frustrated that
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India7 Jan 2022Full text
2022 INSC 19 · [2022] 3 S.C.R. 1046
Supreme Court – Extent and scope in cases of appeal against acquittal – The exercise B of such power is rare in cases the order of the acquittal has been confirmed by the High Court – Such power can be exercised … facts of the case. Partly allowing the appeals, the Court C HELD: 1. It is only in rarest of rare cases, where the High Court, on an absolutely wrong process of reasoning and a legally erroneous and perverse
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India10 Mar 2021Full text
2021 INSC 177 · [2021] 2 S.C.R. 577
the rare case is made out to scuttle the prosecution in its inception. It A was expected from the High Court to prima facie consider the complaint, charge-sheet and the statement of witness recorded in support thereof … further act could be done except to quash the FIR/charge-sheet. But only in exceptional cases, i.e., in rarest of rare cases of mala fide initiation of the proceedings to wreak private vengeance process is availed of in laying
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India3 Oct 2016Full text
2016 INSC 1204 · [2016] 5 S.C.R. 438
convict be awarded the sentence of imprisonment for life, himself observed that it is a case of rarest of rare B category, and it was further observed by him that by making the petitioner to serve imprisoT!ment … that case, the Court opined that the facts of the case did not make out a "rarest ofrare" case to confirm the death sentence. On that D basis, the Court proceeded to award sentence of imprisonment for total
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India7 Nov 2024Full text
2024 INSC 845 · [2024] 11 S.C.R. 700
succeeding year (See Faiza Choudhary v. State of J&K & Anr. (2012) 10 SCC 149). No doubt, in rare and exceptional circumstances, courts can direct increase in seats for the same academic year not exceeding one or two … prescribed — 30th September, is over, to do the complete justice, the Court under exceptional circumstances and in rarest of rare cases direct the admission in the same year by directing to increase the [2024] 11 S.C.R
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India15 Jan 2026Full text
2026 INSC 57 · [2026] 1 S.C.R. 821
especially when the order of acquittal has been confirmed upto the High Court. It is only in rarest of rare cases, where the High Court, 7 (2016) 4 SCC 357 : AIR 2016 SC 1160 8 (2022) 3 SCC
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India8 Jan 2026Full text
2026 INSC 40 · [2026] 2 S.C.R. 107
The power of quashing should be exercised sparingly with circumspection, as it has been observed, in the “rarest of rare cases” (not to be confused with the formation in the context of death penalty). 33.5. While examining
Matched in judgment text
Also on Law on Tips: Bare Acts · Legal news and analysis
2012 INSC 581 · [2012] 13 S.C.R. 740
principles in Bachan Singh (supra) and Machhi Singh (supra) and proceeded to state as follows:-c "The rarest of the rare case" comes when a convict would be a menace and threat to the harmonious and peaceful coexistence … society. The crime may be heinous or brutal but may not be in the category of "the rarest of the rare case". There must be no reason to believe that the D accused cannot be reformed or rehabilitated
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India1 Jul 2014Full text
2014 INSC 445 · [2014] 6 S.C.R. 1044
Haresh Mohandas Rajput vs. State Of Maharashtra, 2011 (12) sec 56, which reads as under: "The rarest of the rare case" comes when a convict would G be a menace and threat to the harmonious and peaceful coexistence … society. The crime may be heinous or brutal but may not be in the category of "the rarest of the rare case". There must be no reason to believe that the accused cannot be reformed or rehabilitated and
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India28 Nov 2013Full text
2013 INSC 794 · [2013] 12 S.C.R. 947
The rarest of the rare case' comes when a convict would be a menace and threat to the harmonious and peaceful coexistence of the society. The crime may be E heinous or brutal but may not … the category of 'the rarest of the rare case'. There must be no reason to believe that the accused cannot be reformed or rehabilitated and that he is likely to continue criminal acts of violence as would constitute
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India22 Apr 2013Full text
2013 INSC 274 · [2013] 6 S.C.R. 361
The rarest of the rare case" comes when a convict would be a menace and threat to the harmonious and peaceful coexistence of the society. The crime may be heinous or D brutal but may not … the category of "the rarest of the rare case". There must be no reason to believe that the accused cannot be reformed or rehabilitated and that he is likely to continue criminal acts of violence as would constitute
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India7 May 2012Full text
2012 INSC 204 · [2012] 5 S.C.R. 696
The rarest of the rare case" comes when a convict would be a menace and threat to the harmonious and peaceful F coexistence of the society. The crime may be heinous or brutal but may not … the category of "the rarest of the rare case". There must be no reason to believe that the accused cannot bE3 reformed or rehabilitated and that he is likely to continue criminal acts of violence as would
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India28 Mar 2023Full text
2023 INSC 306 · [2023] 4 S.C.R. 669
the appellant, the Trial Court found that the case was not falling in the category of the ‘rarest of the rare’ cases. This Court must hasten to add that the fact that the accused has no antecedents … consideration by itself for deciding whether the accused A will fall in the category of the ‘rarest of the rare’ cases. [Para
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India27 Oct 2014Full text
2014 INSC 1019 · [2014] 11 S.C.R. 573
dealt with a case of rape and murder, and considered the question whether it would constitute a rarest of the rare case. In that case, the accused caused injury to the deceased only \;Vhen she threatened to disclose … commit the murder and thus F ,in those circumstances, the case would not meet the standard of rarest of the rare. Furthermore, the Court noted that !her~ was nothing on record to indicate that the accused would
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India16 Dec 2015Full text
2015 INSC 930 · [2015] 10 S.C.R. 1087
penalty is an exception. It is equally settled law that death penalty can only be awarded in rarest of the rare cases. No doubt each case of murder is gruesome and barbaric, however, the right of life … large. This Court is, thus, inclined that the present case is not within the category of rarest of the rare cases and hence we need not burden ourselves with scaling each and every aggravating and mitigating circumstances. The
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India6 Mar 2025Full text
2025 INSC 335 · [2025] 3 S.C.R. 490
resolved a judge’s dilemma. Often it happens that a case that falls short of the rarest of the rare category may also be one where a mere sentence of 14 years (the normal benchmark for life imprisonment … this Court may find, as in the present appeal, that the case just falls short of the rarest of the rare category and may feel somewhat reluctant in endorsing the death sentence
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India21 May 2014Full text
2015 INSC 316 · [2014] 14 S.C.R. 1
settled that awarding of life sentence is the rule, death is an exception. The application of "the rarest of the rare case" principle is B dependent upon and differs from case to case. However, the principles laid down … referred to therein, we find that the case still does not fall within the .category of the "rarest of tlie rare case" though it calls for a stringent punishment. ~ Therefore, while modifying the sentence from one
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India25 Apr 2023Full text
2023 INSC 426 · [2023] 4 S.C.R. 480
death penalty, the Trial Court may come to a conclusion that the case is not a ‘rarest of F the rare’ case. In such a situation, depending upon the punishment prescribed for the offence committed, the Trial Court … However, when a Constitutional Court finds that though a case is not falling in the category of ‘rarest of the rare’ case, considering G the gravity and nature of the offence and all other relevant factors, it can
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India31 Mar 2014Full text
2014 INSC 228 · [2014] 4 S.C.R. 1138
Punjab (1980) G 2 SCC 684 that the sentence of death can only be imposed in the rarest of rare cases. Meaning. of course, all death sentences imposed are impliedly the most heinous and barbaric and rarest
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India10 Jul 2012Full text
2012 INSC 279 · [2012] 6 S.C.R. 876
but such power may prefe.rably be exercised by the courts. Further, it will be in th'e rarest of rare cases and where the, ends of justice1wouldI be subverted or the process of law would stand frustrated that
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India7 Jan 2022Full text
2022 INSC 19 · [2022] 3 S.C.R. 1046
Supreme Court – Extent and scope in cases of appeal against acquittal – The exercise B of such power is rare in cases the order of the acquittal has been confirmed by the High Court – Such power can be exercised … facts of the case. Partly allowing the appeals, the Court C HELD: 1. It is only in rarest of rare cases, where the High Court, on an absolutely wrong process of reasoning and a legally erroneous and perverse
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India10 Mar 2021Full text
2021 INSC 177 · [2021] 2 S.C.R. 577
the rare case is made out to scuttle the prosecution in its inception. It A was expected from the High Court to prima facie consider the complaint, charge-sheet and the statement of witness recorded in support thereof … further act could be done except to quash the FIR/charge-sheet. But only in exceptional cases, i.e., in rarest of rare cases of mala fide initiation of the proceedings to wreak private vengeance process is availed of in laying
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India3 Oct 2016Full text
2016 INSC 1204 · [2016] 5 S.C.R. 438
convict be awarded the sentence of imprisonment for life, himself observed that it is a case of rarest of rare B category, and it was further observed by him that by making the petitioner to serve imprisoT!ment … that case, the Court opined that the facts of the case did not make out a "rarest ofrare" case to confirm the death sentence. On that D basis, the Court proceeded to award sentence of imprisonment for total
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India7 Nov 2024Full text
2024 INSC 845 · [2024] 11 S.C.R. 700
succeeding year (See Faiza Choudhary v. State of J&K & Anr. (2012) 10 SCC 149). No doubt, in rare and exceptional circumstances, courts can direct increase in seats for the same academic year not exceeding one or two … prescribed — 30th September, is over, to do the complete justice, the Court under exceptional circumstances and in rarest of rare cases direct the admission in the same year by directing to increase the [2024] 11 S.C.R
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India15 Jan 2026Full text
2026 INSC 57 · [2026] 1 S.C.R. 821
especially when the order of acquittal has been confirmed upto the High Court. It is only in rarest of rare cases, where the High Court, 7 (2016) 4 SCC 357 : AIR 2016 SC 1160 8 (2022) 3 SCC
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India8 Jan 2026Full text
2026 INSC 40 · [2026] 2 S.C.R. 107
The power of quashing should be exercised sparingly with circumspection, as it has been observed, in the “rarest of rare cases” (not to be confused with the formation in the context of death penalty). 33.5. While examining
Matched in judgment text
Also on Law on Tips: Bare Acts · Legal news and analysis