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Indian case law by case name, citation, provision or legal issue, with the case summary, the judgment text where we hold it and the provisions it applies.
61–78 · Page 4 of 4
Including decisions recorded as applying Article 21 of the Constitution. Show only those
Supreme Court of India19 Aug 2019Full text
2019 INSC 915 · [2019] 12 S.C.R. 1011
clash of two Fundamental Rights, as in the instant case, namely, the appellant’s right to privacy as part of right to life and Ms ‘Y’s right to lead a 25K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India … SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2019] 12 S.C.R. A healthy life which is her Fundamental Right under Article 21, the right which would advance the public morality or public interest, would alone be enforced through the process of court, for
Matched in judgment text
Indian case law by case name, citation, provision or legal issue, with the case summary, the judgment text where we hold it and the provisions it applies.
61–78 · Page 4 of 4
Including decisions recorded as applying Article 21 of the Constitution. Show only those
Supreme Court of India19 Aug 2019Full text
2019 INSC 915 · [2019] 12 S.C.R. 1011
clash of two Fundamental Rights, as in the instant case, namely, the appellant’s right to privacy as part of right to life and Ms ‘Y’s right to lead a 25K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India … SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2019] 12 S.C.R. A healthy life which is her Fundamental Right under Article 21, the right which would advance the public morality or public interest, would alone be enforced through the process of court, for
Matched in judgment text
2022 INSC 287 · [2022] 12 S.C.R. 591
the process that constitutional values which underlie Articles 14, 15 and 16 and Article 21 are duly protected – Service Law. Constitution of India – Art. 21 – Preservation of family Life – B Held: State while formulating a policy for its … importance of protecting family life as an element of the dignity of the person and a postulate of privacy because preservation of family life is an incident of Art.21 – Service Law
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India29 Apr 2024Full text
2024 INSC 371 · [2024] 5 S.C.R. 470
judge Bench of this Court has held that the right to make reproductive choices is a facet of Article 21 of the Constitution. Further, the consent of the pregnant person in matters of reproductive choices and abortion … protect the right to abortion on a firm footing as an intrinsic element of the fundamental rights to privacy, dignity and bodily integrity as well as to reaffirm that matters of sexual and reproductive choices belong to the
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India20 Feb 2023Full text
2023 INSC 146 · [2023] 4 S.C.R. 680
shut out on the ground of sensitivity H 702 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2023] 4 S.C.R. A or privacy. Reliance was placed on the decision of this Court in Sharda to contend that in the said case it was … undergo a medical test would not be violative of the right of personal liberty as envisaged in Article 21 of the Constitution of India. That therefore, the reluctance and hesitation of the appellant to allow the DNA test
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India16 Oct 2015Full text
2015 INSC 285 · [2015] 13 S.C.R. 1
country aspire in the broader horizon of the right to live in this age in our land under Article 21 of our D Constitution. 555. The balance between transparency and confidentiality is very delicate and if some sensitive … reputation and dignity. The 991h Constitution Amendment Act and the NJAC Act have not taken note of the privacy concerns of an individual. This is important because it was submitted by the learned Attorney-General that the proceedings
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India6 Dec 2021Full text
2021 INSC 828 · [2021] 13 S.C.R. 231
integrated proportionality analysis to determine the proportionality of C the State’s interference in the rights to privacy, dignity, choice and access to basic entitlements37. Hence, the Court can adopt an integrated proportionality analysis where the limitation … iii) of the 2020 MTT Guidelines) is what affects Dthe appellant’s rights under Articles 14, 19(1)(g) and 21. Further, the appellant has submitted that the limitation is arbitrary, not a reasonable restriction and violative
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India23 Nov 2021Full text
2021 INSC 777 · [2021] 7 S.C.R. 479
Justice Puttaswamy (Retd.) v. Union of India22, to determine if the Aadhar scheme violated the right to privacy of an individual. Our Courts have used the proportionality standard to determine non-classificatory arbitrariness, and have used the twin … Review under Article 14’ in Sujit G Choudhry, Madhav Khosla, Pratap Bhanu Mehta (eds), The Oxford Handbook of the Indian Constitution (Oxford University Press 2016) 19 (2016) 7 SCC 353 20 (2016) 7 SCC 221 21
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India13 Nov 2024Full text
2024 INSC 866 · [2024] 11 S.C.R. 722
Structures 84. As already discussed herein above, the right to shelter is one of the facets of Article 21 of the Constitution. If the persons are to be dishoused, then for taking such steps the concerned authorities must … State of Madhya Pradesh and others,42 K.S. Puttaswamy and another v. Union of India and others43 (Privacy 9-J) and Vivek Narayan Sharma and others v. Union of India and others44 (Demonetization Case-5J) has laid emphasis
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India8 Apr 2022Full text
2022 INSC 411 · [2022] 19 S.C.R. 879
also placed on Gobind vs. State of Madhya Pradesh & Anr.102, wherein this Court had observed that even though privacy and dignity claims must receive scrutiny with due care, but that claims will necessarily have to go through … Board of India & Anr.107; and Excel Crop Care Limited vs. Competition Commission of India & Anr.108 to contend that Article 21 is extremely wide. Whereas, F the prohibition on transfer of foreign contribution and receipt of foreign contribution
Matched in judgment text
Karnataka High Court9 Jul 2026Full text
2026:KHC:34595 · WP/7444/2022
Apex Court in case of Ivan Rathinam V/s Milan Joseph wherein also discussion was made with respect of article 21 and Section 112 of evidence Act particularly issue No.1 displacing of legitimacy and permitting a DNA test was … purpose of arriving for a conclusion regarding relationship between the parties and not the question of right of privacy and also in paragraph No.47 discussed in the judgment also that Courts must therefore consider the existing evidence assess
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India13 Sep 2023Full text
2023 INSC 833 · [2023] 12 S.C.R. 370
case, the victim may be a minor. In some cases, the nature of the crime may involve the privacy of the victim, in cases such as those involving gender violence. The publication of photographs and visuals of the … crimes have a direct bearing on the fundamental right to life and personal liberty which is protected by Article 21
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India11 Sep 2012Full text
2012 INSC 388 · [2012] 12 S.C.R. 256
21. The Continental Approach seeks to protect A personality. This model is less concerned with the issue of fair trial than with the need for safeguarding privacy, personal dignity .and presumption of innocence of trial participants. The underlying … proceedings as a part of administration of c justice is guaranteed by institution of contempt proceedings. According to Article 6(2) of the European Convention of Human Rights, presumption of innocence needs to be protected. The European Courts
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India30 Apr 2021Full text
2021 INSC 280 · [2021] 4 S.C.R. 297
did not automatically lead to the erosion of High Court’s jurisdiction under Article 226 -Jurisdiction under Article 226 is important – High Courts may be better equipped to deal with issues within their own States – However, this Court … must be bound by the human rights framework u/Arts. 21 and 14. Suo Motu vs State of Gujarat Writ Petition (PIL) No 53 Of 2021; K.S. Puttaswamy (Privacy-9J.) vs Union of India (2017) 10 SCC
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India3 Oct 2024Full text
2024 INSC 753 · [2024] 10 S.C.R. 493
arbitrariness (Article 14), the lamps of freedom (Article 19) and in the right to life and personal liberty (Article 21).”82 Thus, dignity is the “core” which “unites the fundamental rights because the fundamental rights seek to achieve … State of Kerala (1973) 4 SCC 225 82 K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India (2017) 10 SCC 1 (Privacy-9J.) 542 [2024] 10 S.C.R. Digital Supreme Court Reports
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India18 Sep 2012Full text
2012 INSC 408 · [2012] 8 S.C.R. 727
ORISSA 739 the society. Sexual violence is not only an unlawful invasion of A the right of privacy and sanctity of a woman but also a serious blow to her honour. It leaves a traumatic and humiliating impression … violative of the victim's most cherished of the fundamental rights, namely, the right to life contained in Article 21 of the Constitution. The courts are, therefore, expected to deal with cases of sexual crime against women with
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India19 Dec 2024Full text
2024 INSC 1008 · [2024] 12 S.C.R. 1122
various enactments, both national and international, are imperilled. 2. We may benefit from the observations in K.S. Puttaswamy (Privacy-9J.) v. Union of India2: “108. Over the last four decades, our constitutional jurisprudence has recognised the inseparable relationship … dignity are found in the guarantee against arbitrariness (Article 14), the lamps of freedom (Article 19) and in the right to life and personal liberty (Article 21
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India9 Jun 2025Full text
2025 INSC 810 · [2025] 7 S.C.R. 394
The boundaries of privacy of a person are also breached when these tests are conducted without consent; and 8.6. For voluntary tests, it must be ensured that appropriate safeguards are in place. Moreover, the results of the same … contravention to the judgment of this Court in Selvi (supra), being hit by the protections under Articles 20(3) and 21 of the Constitution
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India30 Sep 2022Full text
2022 INSC 1056 · [2022] 13 S.C.R. 502
21. It is submitted on behalf of all the writ petitioners/Banks that B what is under challenge is the action of the RBI compelling the petitioners to disclose certain information which itself is exempted under the provisions … Nine Hon’ble Judges in the case of K.S. Puttaswamy and another (supra) clearly recognizing the right to privacy as a fundamental right, the law laid down by this Court in the case of Jayantilal N. Mistry (supra
Matched in judgment text
Also on Law on Tips: Bare Acts · Legal news and analysis
2022 INSC 287 · [2022] 12 S.C.R. 591
the process that constitutional values which underlie Articles 14, 15 and 16 and Article 21 are duly protected – Service Law. Constitution of India – Art. 21 – Preservation of family Life – B Held: State while formulating a policy for its … importance of protecting family life as an element of the dignity of the person and a postulate of privacy because preservation of family life is an incident of Art.21 – Service Law
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India29 Apr 2024Full text
2024 INSC 371 · [2024] 5 S.C.R. 470
judge Bench of this Court has held that the right to make reproductive choices is a facet of Article 21 of the Constitution. Further, the consent of the pregnant person in matters of reproductive choices and abortion … protect the right to abortion on a firm footing as an intrinsic element of the fundamental rights to privacy, dignity and bodily integrity as well as to reaffirm that matters of sexual and reproductive choices belong to the
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India20 Feb 2023Full text
2023 INSC 146 · [2023] 4 S.C.R. 680
shut out on the ground of sensitivity H 702 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2023] 4 S.C.R. A or privacy. Reliance was placed on the decision of this Court in Sharda to contend that in the said case it was … undergo a medical test would not be violative of the right of personal liberty as envisaged in Article 21 of the Constitution of India. That therefore, the reluctance and hesitation of the appellant to allow the DNA test
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India16 Oct 2015Full text
2015 INSC 285 · [2015] 13 S.C.R. 1
country aspire in the broader horizon of the right to live in this age in our land under Article 21 of our D Constitution. 555. The balance between transparency and confidentiality is very delicate and if some sensitive … reputation and dignity. The 991h Constitution Amendment Act and the NJAC Act have not taken note of the privacy concerns of an individual. This is important because it was submitted by the learned Attorney-General that the proceedings
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India6 Dec 2021Full text
2021 INSC 828 · [2021] 13 S.C.R. 231
integrated proportionality analysis to determine the proportionality of C the State’s interference in the rights to privacy, dignity, choice and access to basic entitlements37. Hence, the Court can adopt an integrated proportionality analysis where the limitation … iii) of the 2020 MTT Guidelines) is what affects Dthe appellant’s rights under Articles 14, 19(1)(g) and 21. Further, the appellant has submitted that the limitation is arbitrary, not a reasonable restriction and violative
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India23 Nov 2021Full text
2021 INSC 777 · [2021] 7 S.C.R. 479
Justice Puttaswamy (Retd.) v. Union of India22, to determine if the Aadhar scheme violated the right to privacy of an individual. Our Courts have used the proportionality standard to determine non-classificatory arbitrariness, and have used the twin … Review under Article 14’ in Sujit G Choudhry, Madhav Khosla, Pratap Bhanu Mehta (eds), The Oxford Handbook of the Indian Constitution (Oxford University Press 2016) 19 (2016) 7 SCC 353 20 (2016) 7 SCC 221 21
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India13 Nov 2024Full text
2024 INSC 866 · [2024] 11 S.C.R. 722
Structures 84. As already discussed herein above, the right to shelter is one of the facets of Article 21 of the Constitution. If the persons are to be dishoused, then for taking such steps the concerned authorities must … State of Madhya Pradesh and others,42 K.S. Puttaswamy and another v. Union of India and others43 (Privacy 9-J) and Vivek Narayan Sharma and others v. Union of India and others44 (Demonetization Case-5J) has laid emphasis
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India8 Apr 2022Full text
2022 INSC 411 · [2022] 19 S.C.R. 879
also placed on Gobind vs. State of Madhya Pradesh & Anr.102, wherein this Court had observed that even though privacy and dignity claims must receive scrutiny with due care, but that claims will necessarily have to go through … Board of India & Anr.107; and Excel Crop Care Limited vs. Competition Commission of India & Anr.108 to contend that Article 21 is extremely wide. Whereas, F the prohibition on transfer of foreign contribution and receipt of foreign contribution
Matched in judgment text
Karnataka High Court9 Jul 2026Full text
2026:KHC:34595 · WP/7444/2022
Apex Court in case of Ivan Rathinam V/s Milan Joseph wherein also discussion was made with respect of article 21 and Section 112 of evidence Act particularly issue No.1 displacing of legitimacy and permitting a DNA test was … purpose of arriving for a conclusion regarding relationship between the parties and not the question of right of privacy and also in paragraph No.47 discussed in the judgment also that Courts must therefore consider the existing evidence assess
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India13 Sep 2023Full text
2023 INSC 833 · [2023] 12 S.C.R. 370
case, the victim may be a minor. In some cases, the nature of the crime may involve the privacy of the victim, in cases such as those involving gender violence. The publication of photographs and visuals of the … crimes have a direct bearing on the fundamental right to life and personal liberty which is protected by Article 21
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India11 Sep 2012Full text
2012 INSC 388 · [2012] 12 S.C.R. 256
21. The Continental Approach seeks to protect A personality. This model is less concerned with the issue of fair trial than with the need for safeguarding privacy, personal dignity .and presumption of innocence of trial participants. The underlying … proceedings as a part of administration of c justice is guaranteed by institution of contempt proceedings. According to Article 6(2) of the European Convention of Human Rights, presumption of innocence needs to be protected. The European Courts
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India30 Apr 2021Full text
2021 INSC 280 · [2021] 4 S.C.R. 297
did not automatically lead to the erosion of High Court’s jurisdiction under Article 226 -Jurisdiction under Article 226 is important – High Courts may be better equipped to deal with issues within their own States – However, this Court … must be bound by the human rights framework u/Arts. 21 and 14. Suo Motu vs State of Gujarat Writ Petition (PIL) No 53 Of 2021; K.S. Puttaswamy (Privacy-9J.) vs Union of India (2017) 10 SCC
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India3 Oct 2024Full text
2024 INSC 753 · [2024] 10 S.C.R. 493
arbitrariness (Article 14), the lamps of freedom (Article 19) and in the right to life and personal liberty (Article 21).”82 Thus, dignity is the “core” which “unites the fundamental rights because the fundamental rights seek to achieve … State of Kerala (1973) 4 SCC 225 82 K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India (2017) 10 SCC 1 (Privacy-9J.) 542 [2024] 10 S.C.R. Digital Supreme Court Reports
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India18 Sep 2012Full text
2012 INSC 408 · [2012] 8 S.C.R. 727
ORISSA 739 the society. Sexual violence is not only an unlawful invasion of A the right of privacy and sanctity of a woman but also a serious blow to her honour. It leaves a traumatic and humiliating impression … violative of the victim's most cherished of the fundamental rights, namely, the right to life contained in Article 21 of the Constitution. The courts are, therefore, expected to deal with cases of sexual crime against women with
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India19 Dec 2024Full text
2024 INSC 1008 · [2024] 12 S.C.R. 1122
various enactments, both national and international, are imperilled. 2. We may benefit from the observations in K.S. Puttaswamy (Privacy-9J.) v. Union of India2: “108. Over the last four decades, our constitutional jurisprudence has recognised the inseparable relationship … dignity are found in the guarantee against arbitrariness (Article 14), the lamps of freedom (Article 19) and in the right to life and personal liberty (Article 21
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India9 Jun 2025Full text
2025 INSC 810 · [2025] 7 S.C.R. 394
The boundaries of privacy of a person are also breached when these tests are conducted without consent; and 8.6. For voluntary tests, it must be ensured that appropriate safeguards are in place. Moreover, the results of the same … contravention to the judgment of this Court in Selvi (supra), being hit by the protections under Articles 20(3) and 21 of the Constitution
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India30 Sep 2022Full text
2022 INSC 1056 · [2022] 13 S.C.R. 502
21. It is submitted on behalf of all the writ petitioners/Banks that B what is under challenge is the action of the RBI compelling the petitioners to disclose certain information which itself is exempted under the provisions … Nine Hon’ble Judges in the case of K.S. Puttaswamy and another (supra) clearly recognizing the right to privacy as a fundamental right, the law laid down by this Court in the case of Jayantilal N. Mistry (supra
Matched in judgment text
Also on Law on Tips: Bare Acts · Legal news and analysis