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Indian case law by case name, citation, provision or legal issue, with the case summary, the judgment text where we hold it and the provisions it applies.
21–40 · Page 2 of 4
Including decisions recorded as applying Article 21 of the Constitution. Show only those
Supreme Court of India29 Sep 2022Full text
2022 INSC 740 · [2022] 7 S.C.R. 686
invidious classifications and excludes groups based on their personal circumstances. The rights of reproductive autonomy, dignity, and privacy under Article 21 give an unmarried woman the right of H X v. PR. SECY., HEALTH & FAMILY WELFARE DEPTT., GNCT
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India
Indian case law by case name, citation, provision or legal issue, with the case summary, the judgment text where we hold it and the provisions it applies.
21–40 · Page 2 of 4
Including decisions recorded as applying Article 21 of the Constitution. Show only those
Supreme Court of India29 Sep 2022Full text
2022 INSC 740 · [2022] 7 S.C.R. 686
invidious classifications and excludes groups based on their personal circumstances. The rights of reproductive autonomy, dignity, and privacy under Article 21 give an unmarried woman the right of H X v. PR. SECY., HEALTH & FAMILY WELFARE DEPTT., GNCT
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India
2022 INSC 1085 · [2022] 5 S.C.R. 426
AISHAT SHIFA v. THE STATE OF KARNATAKA & ORS. 431 expression under Article 19(1)(a) and of privacy under Article 21 A are complementary to each other and not mutually exclusive and does meet the injunction of reasonableness
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India4 Jul 2011Full text
2011 INSC 434 · [2011] 8 S.C.R. 725
Article 21 - Right to privacy is an integral part of right to life - The rights of citizens, to effectively seek the protection of fundamental rights, under Clause (1) of Article 32 have to be balanced against the rights … citizens and persons under Article 21 - The notion of fundamental rights, such as a right E to privacy as part of right to life, is not merely that the State is enjoined from derogating from them - It also
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India9 Jun 2017Full text
2017 INSC 478 · [2017] 7 S.C.R. 1
whether Aadhaar card scheme whereby biometric data of an individual is collected violates Right to Privacy and, therefore, is offensive of Article 21 of the Constitution or not is yet to be decided. In the process … the Constitution Bench is also F called upon to decide as to whether Right to Privacy is a part of Article 21 of the Constitution at all. Therefore, no final decision has been taken.[Paras
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India17 Oct 2024Full text
2024 INSC 789 · [2024] 10 S.C.R. 961
laundry list encompassing a myriad of conditions to which Article 21 would be applicable, the ramifications would have been substantial. Any interpretation of the right to privacy would have required a constitutional amendment. Therefore, it may often
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India8 Jul 2024Full text
2024 INSC 479 · [2024] 7 S.C.R. 97
enlarged on bail, by imposing arbitrary conditions since that will violate the right of privacy of the accused, as guaranteed by Article 21. If a constant vigil is kept on every movement of the accused released on bail … use of technology or otherwise, it will infringe the rights of the accused guaranteed under Article 21, including the right to privacy. The reason is that the effect of keeping such constant vigil on the accused by imposing
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India18 Jul 2024Full text
2024 INSC 534 · [2024] 7 S.C.R. 1054
enlarged on bail, by imposing arbitrary conditions since that will violate the right of privacy of the accused, as guaranteed by Article 21. If a constant vigil is kept on every movement of the accused released on bail … use of technology or otherwise, it will infringe the rights of the accused guaranteed under Article 21, including the right to privacy. The reason is that the effect of keeping such constant vigil on the accused by imposing
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India22 Jan 2025Full text
2025 INSC 100 · [2025] 1 S.C.R. 911
accused released on bail by using any technology or otherwise would undoubtedly violate the right to privacy guaranteed under Article 21. In this case, the condition of dropping a PIN on Google Maps has been incorporated without even
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India5 Apr 2023Full text
2023 INSC 324 · [2023] 10 S.C.R. 595
standard to only test the infringement of C a substantive right such as the right to privacy protected under Article 21, and the freedoms protected under Article19. Courts have been using a vague and unstructured standard of the
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India2 May 2022Full text
2022 INSC 503 · [2022] 3 S.C.R. 471
vaccinated as it would result in bodily intrusion and violation of the individual’s right to privacy, protected under Article 21 of the Constitution D of India. Personal autonomy was read into Article 21 by this Court
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India3 Sep 2013Full text
2013 INSC 587 · [2013] 13 S.C.R. 96
adjudicatory matters that they decide can have serious consequences on various rights including the right to privacy protected under Article 21 of the Constitution
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India7 Oct 2013Full text
2013 INSC 684 · [2013] 14 S.C.R. 475
for violation of such rights and matters connected therewith, is pending. The right to privacy as a fundamental right emanating from Article 21 of the Constitution of India. Right to privacy is also recognized F as ~ basic human
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India5 Nov 2024Full text
2024 INSC 835 · [2024] 11 S.C.R. 1
rights to equality, life, and liberty under Articles 14, 15, and 21. 7. In K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India (2017) 10 SCC 1 this Court affirmed right to privacy as a fundamental right under the … Constitution, which was read as a right and a part of ‘life and liberty’ under Article 21. It was held that privacy encompasses autonomy, dignity, and the freedom to control their own personality
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India9 Oct 2025Full text
2025 INSC 1209 · [2025] 11 S.C.R. 136
Article 21 of the Constitution of India. It is important to recognise that reproductive choices can be exercised to procreate as well as to abstain from procreating. The crucial consideration is that a woman’s right to privacy … Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1, which a recognised a right to privacy within the contours of Article 21, Dr. D.Y. Chandrachud, J. (as he then was), observed as follows: “248. Privacy has distinct connotations including
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India27 Aug 2014Full text
2014 INSC 568 · [2014] 9 S.C.R. 965
Rajagopa/ alias R.R. Gopal and another v. State of T. N. and others44, right to privacy has been inferred from Article 21. Similarly, in Joginder Kumar v. State of U.P. and others45, inherent rights under Articles 21
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India23 May 2025Full text
2025 INSC 781 · [2025] 5 S.C.R. 2704
right to privacy, right to equality and non-discrimination and the right to dignity. [Para 28] Constitution of India – Art.21 – Judicial Interpretation: Held: By judicial interpretation, it has been held that life under Article 21 means life … includes the right to health – Right to live with human dignity and the right to privacy are now acknowledged facets of Article 21. [Para 13.1] Constitution of India – Arts. 21, 42, 51(c) – Maternity leave – Maternity benefit – Reproductive
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India12 Sep 2022Full text
2022 INSC 947 · [2022] 11 S.C.R. 236
ble Supreme Court in many cases. There are lot of rights which are included in Article 21 such G as right to privacy, right against solitary confinement, right to legal aid, right to speedy trial etc. The Hon … many cases has also observed and interpreted that right to have a decent burial is also included in Article 21 of the Constitution of India. The right to human dignity is not H 262 SUPREME COURT REPORTS
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India24 Aug 2023Full text
2023 INSC 765 · [2023] 11 S.C.R. 886
putting him to TIP. What has been ruled in K.S. Puttaswamy (supra) in context of Article 21, is that an invasion of privacy must be fulfilled on the basis of a law which stipulates a procedure which
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India9 Dec 2020Full text
2020 INSC 692 · [2020] 12 S.C.R. 1133
residences of Covid-19 positive persons amounts to unprecedented violation of the right to privacy which is a Fundamental Right guaranteed under Article 21 of the Constitution of India. The importance of the Fundamental Right F to Privacy
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India23 Feb 2012Full text
2012 INSC 103 · [2012] 4 S.C.R. 971
fundamental C right of the citizen being an integral part of Article 21 of the Constitution of India by this Court. Illegitimate intrusion into privacy of a person is not permissible as right to privacy is implicit
Matched in judgment text
Also on Law on Tips: Bare Acts · Legal news and analysis
2022 INSC 1085 · [2022] 5 S.C.R. 426
AISHAT SHIFA v. THE STATE OF KARNATAKA & ORS. 431 expression under Article 19(1)(a) and of privacy under Article 21 A are complementary to each other and not mutually exclusive and does meet the injunction of reasonableness
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India4 Jul 2011Full text
2011 INSC 434 · [2011] 8 S.C.R. 725
Article 21 - Right to privacy is an integral part of right to life - The rights of citizens, to effectively seek the protection of fundamental rights, under Clause (1) of Article 32 have to be balanced against the rights … citizens and persons under Article 21 - The notion of fundamental rights, such as a right E to privacy as part of right to life, is not merely that the State is enjoined from derogating from them - It also
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India9 Jun 2017Full text
2017 INSC 478 · [2017] 7 S.C.R. 1
whether Aadhaar card scheme whereby biometric data of an individual is collected violates Right to Privacy and, therefore, is offensive of Article 21 of the Constitution or not is yet to be decided. In the process … the Constitution Bench is also F called upon to decide as to whether Right to Privacy is a part of Article 21 of the Constitution at all. Therefore, no final decision has been taken.[Paras
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India17 Oct 2024Full text
2024 INSC 789 · [2024] 10 S.C.R. 961
laundry list encompassing a myriad of conditions to which Article 21 would be applicable, the ramifications would have been substantial. Any interpretation of the right to privacy would have required a constitutional amendment. Therefore, it may often
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India8 Jul 2024Full text
2024 INSC 479 · [2024] 7 S.C.R. 97
enlarged on bail, by imposing arbitrary conditions since that will violate the right of privacy of the accused, as guaranteed by Article 21. If a constant vigil is kept on every movement of the accused released on bail … use of technology or otherwise, it will infringe the rights of the accused guaranteed under Article 21, including the right to privacy. The reason is that the effect of keeping such constant vigil on the accused by imposing
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India18 Jul 2024Full text
2024 INSC 534 · [2024] 7 S.C.R. 1054
enlarged on bail, by imposing arbitrary conditions since that will violate the right of privacy of the accused, as guaranteed by Article 21. If a constant vigil is kept on every movement of the accused released on bail … use of technology or otherwise, it will infringe the rights of the accused guaranteed under Article 21, including the right to privacy. The reason is that the effect of keeping such constant vigil on the accused by imposing
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India22 Jan 2025Full text
2025 INSC 100 · [2025] 1 S.C.R. 911
accused released on bail by using any technology or otherwise would undoubtedly violate the right to privacy guaranteed under Article 21. In this case, the condition of dropping a PIN on Google Maps has been incorporated without even
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India5 Apr 2023Full text
2023 INSC 324 · [2023] 10 S.C.R. 595
standard to only test the infringement of C a substantive right such as the right to privacy protected under Article 21, and the freedoms protected under Article19. Courts have been using a vague and unstructured standard of the
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India2 May 2022Full text
2022 INSC 503 · [2022] 3 S.C.R. 471
vaccinated as it would result in bodily intrusion and violation of the individual’s right to privacy, protected under Article 21 of the Constitution D of India. Personal autonomy was read into Article 21 by this Court
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India3 Sep 2013Full text
2013 INSC 587 · [2013] 13 S.C.R. 96
adjudicatory matters that they decide can have serious consequences on various rights including the right to privacy protected under Article 21 of the Constitution
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India7 Oct 2013Full text
2013 INSC 684 · [2013] 14 S.C.R. 475
for violation of such rights and matters connected therewith, is pending. The right to privacy as a fundamental right emanating from Article 21 of the Constitution of India. Right to privacy is also recognized F as ~ basic human
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India5 Nov 2024Full text
2024 INSC 835 · [2024] 11 S.C.R. 1
rights to equality, life, and liberty under Articles 14, 15, and 21. 7. In K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India (2017) 10 SCC 1 this Court affirmed right to privacy as a fundamental right under the … Constitution, which was read as a right and a part of ‘life and liberty’ under Article 21. It was held that privacy encompasses autonomy, dignity, and the freedom to control their own personality
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India9 Oct 2025Full text
2025 INSC 1209 · [2025] 11 S.C.R. 136
Article 21 of the Constitution of India. It is important to recognise that reproductive choices can be exercised to procreate as well as to abstain from procreating. The crucial consideration is that a woman’s right to privacy … Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1, which a recognised a right to privacy within the contours of Article 21, Dr. D.Y. Chandrachud, J. (as he then was), observed as follows: “248. Privacy has distinct connotations including
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India27 Aug 2014Full text
2014 INSC 568 · [2014] 9 S.C.R. 965
Rajagopa/ alias R.R. Gopal and another v. State of T. N. and others44, right to privacy has been inferred from Article 21. Similarly, in Joginder Kumar v. State of U.P. and others45, inherent rights under Articles 21
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India23 May 2025Full text
2025 INSC 781 · [2025] 5 S.C.R. 2704
right to privacy, right to equality and non-discrimination and the right to dignity. [Para 28] Constitution of India – Art.21 – Judicial Interpretation: Held: By judicial interpretation, it has been held that life under Article 21 means life … includes the right to health – Right to live with human dignity and the right to privacy are now acknowledged facets of Article 21. [Para 13.1] Constitution of India – Arts. 21, 42, 51(c) – Maternity leave – Maternity benefit – Reproductive
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India12 Sep 2022Full text
2022 INSC 947 · [2022] 11 S.C.R. 236
ble Supreme Court in many cases. There are lot of rights which are included in Article 21 such G as right to privacy, right against solitary confinement, right to legal aid, right to speedy trial etc. The Hon … many cases has also observed and interpreted that right to have a decent burial is also included in Article 21 of the Constitution of India. The right to human dignity is not H 262 SUPREME COURT REPORTS
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India24 Aug 2023Full text
2023 INSC 765 · [2023] 11 S.C.R. 886
putting him to TIP. What has been ruled in K.S. Puttaswamy (supra) in context of Article 21, is that an invasion of privacy must be fulfilled on the basis of a law which stipulates a procedure which
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India9 Dec 2020Full text
2020 INSC 692 · [2020] 12 S.C.R. 1133
residences of Covid-19 positive persons amounts to unprecedented violation of the right to privacy which is a Fundamental Right guaranteed under Article 21 of the Constitution of India. The importance of the Fundamental Right F to Privacy
Matched in judgment text
Supreme Court of India23 Feb 2012Full text
2012 INSC 103 · [2012] 4 S.C.R. 971
fundamental C right of the citizen being an integral part of Article 21 of the Constitution of India by this Court. Illegitimate intrusion into privacy of a person is not permissible as right to privacy is implicit
Matched in judgment text
Also on Law on Tips: Bare Acts · Legal news and analysis