94 SUPREME COURT[2019]REPORTS1 S.C.R. 94 [2019] 1 S.C.R. A STATE OF UTTARAKHAND & ANR. v. RAJ KUMAR (Civil Appeal Nos. 124-125 of 2019) B JANUARY 07, 2019 [ABHAY MANOHAR SAPRE AND INDU MALHOTRA, JJ.] Labour Laws – Re-instatement – Termination of daily wager – Dispute raised after 25 years – Respondent-worker worked as beldar in the State PWD department as a daily wager for about a C year and was terminated – Labour court awarded Rs.30,000 as monetary compensation in full and final settlement against his claim for reinstatement – High Court modified the award and directed State to reinstate without awarding him any back wages – On appeal, held: Respondent having worked as daily wager had no right to D claim regularization or right to continue as daily wager – Dispute was raised almost 25 years of alleged termination – The case of the respondent squarely fell in the category of cases discussed in Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd. – Monetary compensation of Rs.1 lakh awarded to the respondent in full and final satisfaction of his claim of re-instatement and other consequential benefits by taking recourse to E the powers under s.11-A of the Act in place of Rs.30,000/- awarded by the Labour Court – Uttar Pradesh Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 – s.11-A.

Partly allowing the appeal, the Court F HELD: 1. The respondent claimed to have worked as daily wager hardly for a period of one year or so in PWD of the State; Secondly, he had no right to claim regularization; Thirdly, he had no right to continue as daily wager and lastly, the dispute was raised by the respondent (workman) almost after 25 years of the alleged termination before the Labour Court. The case of the G respondent would squarely fall in the category of cases discussed by this Court in Para 34 of the judgment rendered in Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd. It is just and reasonable to award a sum of Rs.1,00,000/- to the respondent in lieu of his right to claim re-instatement and back wages in full and final satisfaction of this H 94 STATE OF UTTARAKHAND v. RAJ KUMAR 95 dispute in place of Rs.30,000/- awarded by the Labour Court. A [Paras 12, 13 and 15][98-C-D, G] Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited v. Bhurumal (2014) 7 SCC 177 : [2013] 16 SCR 1023; District Development Officer and Anr. v. Satish Kantilal Amerelia (2018) 12 SCC 298 : [2017] 12 SCR 414 - referred to. B Case Law Reference [2013] 16 SCR 1023 referred to Para 10 [2017] 12 SCR 414 referred to Para 10 C CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Civil Appeal Nos. 124-125 of 2019. From the Judgment and Order dated 24.11.2015 of the High Court of Uttarakhand at Nainital in Writ Petition No. 1116 (M/S) of 2015 and order dated 27.06.2016 in Review Application MCC No. 333 of 2016. D

Vishwa Pal Singh, Dr. Sanjay Gupta, Advs. for the Appellants. Pankaj Miglani, Dhaval Malhotra, for M/s. Lambat And Associates, Advs. for the Respondent. The Judgment of the Court was delivered by E ABHAY MANOHAR SAPRE, J. 1. Leave granted. 2. These appeals are directed against the final judgment and order dated 24.11.2015 in W.P. No.1116 of 2015 and dated 27.06.2016 in RAMCC No. 333 of 2016 passed by the High Court of Uttarakhand at Nainital. F 3. By impugned order dated 24.11.2015 passed in writ petition, the High Court modified the award dated 25.02.2015 in Workman Disputes Case No.45 of 2014 by which the Labour Court, Haridwar had awarded compensation of Rs.30,000/- to the respondent in lieu of reinstatement and instead directed the State (appellant herein) to reinstate the Grespondent (worker) without awarding to him any back wages. The High Court also granted liberty to the State to proceed against the respondent (worker) in accordance with the provisions of the Uttar Pradesh Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 (hereinafter referred to as “the Act”). Against this order, the State filed review application before the H 96 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2019] 1 S.C.R. A High Court. The review was dismissed vide order dated 27.06.2016 which has now given rise to two special leave to appeals by State questioning the legality and correctness of the main order dated 24.11.2015 and review order dated 27.06.2016 by way of special leave before this Court.

B 4. It is the case of the respondent (worker) that he worked as Beldar in the State PWD Department (Haridwar) as a daily wager for about a year from June 1986 to May 1987 and thereafter his services were brought to an end by the State without following the due procedure prescribed in law. C 5. After almost 25 years of his alleged termination, the respondent filed a petition in the Labour Court, Haridwar (45/2014) questioning the legality and correctness of his termination. 6. By award 25.02.2015, the Labour Court awarded monetary compensation of Rs.30,000/- in full and final satisfaction to the respondent (workman) against his claim of reinstatement and all consequentialD benefits arising therefrom. 7. The respondent, therefore, felt aggrieved and filed writ petition in the High Court of Uttarakhand at Nainital. By impugned order, the High Court modified the award of the Labour Court and instead directed reinstatement of the respondent in the State services but without paymentE of any back wages to him which has given rise to filing of the present appeals by way of special leave by the State before this Court. 8. Heard Mr. Vishwa Pal Singh, learned counsel for the appellants and Mr. Pankaj Miglani, learned counsel for the respondent. F 9. Having heard the learned counsel for the parties and on perusal of the record of the case, we are inclined to allow the appeals in part and modify the impugned order to the extent indicated infra.

10. In our opinion, the case at hand is covered by the two decisions of this Court rendered in the case of Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited G vs. Bhurumal (2014) 7 SCC 177 and District Development Officer and Anr. vs. Satish Kantilal Amerelia (2018) 12 SCC 298. 11. It is apposite to reproduce what this Court has held in the case of Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (supra): H STATE OF UTTARAKHAND v. RAJ KUMAR 97 [ABHAY MANOHAR SAPRE, J.] “33. It is clear from the reading of the aforesaid judgments A that the ordinary principle of grant of reinstatement with full back wages, when the termination is found to be illegal is not applied mechanically in all cases. While that may be a position where services of a regular/permanent workman are terminated illegally and/or mala fide and/or by way of B victimisation, unfair labour practice, etc. However, when it comes to the case of termination of a daily-wage worker and where the termination is found illegal because of a procedural defect, namely, in violation of Section 25-F of the Industrial Disputes Act, this Court is consistent in taking the view that in such cases reinstatement with back wages C is not automatic and instead the workman should be given monetary compensation which will meet the ends of justice. Rationale for shifting in this direction is obvious.

34. The reasons for denying the relief of reinstatement in such cases are obvious. It is trite law that when the D termination is found to be illegal because of non-payment of retrenchment compensation and notice pay as mandatorily required under Section 25-F of the Industrial Disputes Act, even after reinstatement, it is always open to the management to terminate the services of that Eemployee by paying him the retrenchment compensation. Since such a workman was working on daily-wage basis and even after he is reinstated, he has no right to seek regularisation [see State of Karnataka v. Umadevi (3)17]. Thus when he cannot claim regularisation and he has no right to continue even as a daily-wage worker, no useful F purpose is going to be served in reinstating such a workman and he can be given monetary compensation by the Court itself inasmuch as if he is terminated again after reinstatement, he would receive monetary compensation only in the form of retrenchment compensation and notice Gpay. In such a situation, giving the relief of reinstatement, that too after a long gap, would not serve any purpose. “35. We would, however, like to add a caveat here. There may be cases where termination of a daily-wage worker is found to be illegal on the ground that it was resorted to as H 98 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2019] 1 S.C.R.

A unfair labour practice or in violation of the principle of last come first go viz. while retrenching such a worker daily wage juniors to him were retained. There may also be a situation that persons junior to him were regularised under some policy but the workman concerned terminated. In such circumstances, the terminated worker should not be B denied reinstatement unless there are some other weighty reasons for adopting the course of grant of compensation instead of reinstatement. In such cases, reinstatement should be the rule and only in exceptional cases for the reasons stated to be in writing, such a relief can be denied.” C 12. Here is also a case where the respondent claimed to have worked as daily wager hardly for a period of one year or so in PWD of the State; Secondly, he had no right to claim regularization; Thirdly, he had no right to continue as daily wager and lastly, the dispute was raised by the respondent (workman) almost after 25 years of the alleged D termination before the Labour Court. 13. It is for these reasons, we are of the view that the case of the respondent would squarely fall in the category of cases discussed by this Court in Para 34 of the judgment rendered in Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd. (supra).

E 14. In view of the forgoing discussion, we are of the considered view that it would be just, proper and reasonable to award lump sum monetary compensation to the respondent in full and final satisfaction of his claim of re-instatement and other consequential benefits by taking recourse to the powers under Section 11-A of the Act and the law laid down by this Court in Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited’s case (supra).F 15. Having regard to the totality of the facts taken note of supra, we consider it just and reasonable to award a sum of Rs.1,00,000/-(Rs.One lakh) to the respondent in lieu of his right to claim re-instatement and back wages in full and final satisfaction of this dispute in place of Rs.30,000/- awarded by the Labour Court. Only to this extent we modifyG the award of the Labour Court in quantum of award of compensation by enhancing it from Rs.30,000/- to Rs.1,00,000 (one lakh). 16. Let the payment of Rs.1,00,000/- be paid by the appellant(State) to the respondent within three months from the date of receipt of this judgment. H STATE OF UTTARAKHAND v. RAJ KUMAR 99 [ABHAY MANOHAR SAPRE, J.] 17. In view of the foregoing discussion, the appeals succeed and A are allowed in part. The impugned orders of the High Court in the writ petition and the review application are set aside. The Award of the Labour Court dated 25.02.2015 is accordingly modified to the extent indicated above. B Devika Gujral Appeal partly allowed. C D E F G H

94 SUPREME COURT[2019]REPORTS1 S.C.R. 94 [2019] 1 S.C.R. A STATE OF UTTARAKHAND & ANR. v. RAJ KUMAR (Civil Appeal Nos. 124-125 of 2019) B JANUARY 07, 2019 [ABHAY MANOHAR SAPRE AND INDU MALHOTRA, JJ.] Labour Laws – Re-instatement – Termination of daily wager – Dispute raised after 25 years – Respondent-worker worked as beldar in the State PWD department as a daily wager for about a C year and was terminated – Labour court awarded Rs.30,000 as monetary compensation in full and final settlement against his claim for reinstatement – High Court modified the award and directed State to reinstate without awarding him any back wages – On appeal, held: Respondent having worked as daily wager had no right to D claim regularization or right to continue as daily wager – Dispute was raised almost 25 years of alleged termination – The case of the respondent squarely fell in the category of cases discussed in Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd. – Monetary compensation of Rs.1 lakh awarded to the respondent in full and final satisfaction of his claim of re-instatement and other consequential benefits by taking recourse to E the powers under s.11-A of the Act in place of Rs.30,000/- awarded by the Labour Court – Uttar Pradesh Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 – s.11-A.

Partly allowing the appeal, the Court F HELD: 1. The respondent claimed to have worked as daily wager hardly for a period of one year or so in PWD of the State; Secondly, he had no right to claim regularization; Thirdly, he had no right to continue as daily wager and lastly, the dispute was raised by the respondent (workman) almost after 25 years of the alleged termination before the Labour Court. The case of the G respondent would squarely fall in the category of cases discussed by this Court in Para 34 of the judgment rendered in Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd. It is just and reasonable to award a sum of Rs.1,00,000/- to the respondent in lieu of his right to claim re-instatement and back wages in full and final satisfaction of this H 94 STATE OF UTTARAKHAND v. RAJ KUMAR 95 dispute in place of Rs.30,000/- awarded by the Labour Court. A [Paras 12, 13 and 15][98-C-D, G] Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited v. Bhurumal (2014) 7 SCC 177 : [2013] 16 SCR 1023; District Development Officer and Anr. v. Satish Kantilal Amerelia (2018) 12 SCC 298 : [2017] 12 SCR 414 - referred to. B Case Law Reference [2013] 16 SCR 1023 referred to Para 10 [2017] 12 SCR 414 referred to Para 10 C CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Civil Appeal Nos. 124-125 of 2019. From the Judgment and Order dated 24.11.2015 of the High Court of Uttarakhand at Nainital in Writ Petition No. 1116 (M/S) of 2015 and order dated 27.06.2016 in Review Application MCC No. 333 of 2016. D

Vishwa Pal Singh, Dr. Sanjay Gupta, Advs. for the Appellants. Pankaj Miglani, Dhaval Malhotra, for M/s. Lambat And Associates, Advs. for the Respondent. The Judgment of the Court was delivered by E ABHAY MANOHAR SAPRE, J. 1. Leave granted. 2. These appeals are directed against the final judgment and order dated 24.11.2015 in W.P. No.1116 of 2015 and dated 27.06.2016 in RAMCC No. 333 of 2016 passed by the High Court of Uttarakhand at Nainital. F 3. By impugned order dated 24.11.2015 passed in writ petition, the High Court modified the award dated 25.02.2015 in Workman Disputes Case No.45 of 2014 by which the Labour Court, Haridwar had awarded compensation of Rs.30,000/- to the respondent in lieu of reinstatement and instead directed the State (appellant herein) to reinstate the Grespondent (worker) without awarding to him any back wages. The High Court also granted liberty to the State to proceed against the respondent (worker) in accordance with the provisions of the Uttar Pradesh Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 (hereinafter referred to as “the Act”). Against this order, the State filed review application before the H 96 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2019] 1 S.C.R. A High Court. The review was dismissed vide order dated 27.06.2016 which has now given rise to two special leave to appeals by State questioning the legality and correctness of the main order dated 24.11.2015 and review order dated 27.06.2016 by way of special leave before this Court.

B 4. It is the case of the respondent (worker) that he worked as Beldar in the State PWD Department (Haridwar) as a daily wager for about a year from June 1986 to May 1987 and thereafter his services were brought to an end by the State without following the due procedure prescribed in law. C 5. After almost 25 years of his alleged termination, the respondent filed a petition in the Labour Court, Haridwar (45/2014) questioning the legality and correctness of his termination. 6. By award 25.02.2015, the Labour Court awarded monetary compensation of Rs.30,000/- in full and final satisfaction to the respondent (workman) against his claim of reinstatement and all consequentialD benefits arising therefrom. 7. The respondent, therefore, felt aggrieved and filed writ petition in the High Court of Uttarakhand at Nainital. By impugned order, the High Court modified the award of the Labour Court and instead directed reinstatement of the respondent in the State services but without paymentE of any back wages to him which has given rise to filing of the present appeals by way of special leave by the State before this Court. 8. Heard Mr. Vishwa Pal Singh, learned counsel for the appellants and Mr. Pankaj Miglani, learned counsel for the respondent. F 9. Having heard the learned counsel for the parties and on perusal of the record of the case, we are inclined to allow the appeals in part and modify the impugned order to the extent indicated infra.

10. In our opinion, the case at hand is covered by the two decisions of this Court rendered in the case of Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited G vs. Bhurumal (2014) 7 SCC 177 and District Development Officer and Anr. vs. Satish Kantilal Amerelia (2018) 12 SCC 298. 11. It is apposite to reproduce what this Court has held in the case of Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (supra): H STATE OF UTTARAKHAND v. RAJ KUMAR 97 [ABHAY MANOHAR SAPRE, J.] “33. It is clear from the reading of the aforesaid judgments A that the ordinary principle of grant of reinstatement with full back wages, when the termination is found to be illegal is not applied mechanically in all cases. While that may be a position where services of a regular/permanent workman are terminated illegally and/or mala fide and/or by way of B victimisation, unfair labour practice, etc. However, when it comes to the case of termination of a daily-wage worker and where the termination is found illegal because of a procedural defect, namely, in violation of Section 25-F of the Industrial Disputes Act, this Court is consistent in taking the view that in such cases reinstatement with back wages C is not automatic and instead the workman should be given monetary compensation which will meet the ends of justice. Rationale for shifting in this direction is obvious.

34. The reasons for denying the relief of reinstatement in such cases are obvious. It is trite law that when the D termination is found to be illegal because of non-payment of retrenchment compensation and notice pay as mandatorily required under Section 25-F of the Industrial Disputes Act, even after reinstatement, it is always open to the management to terminate the services of that Eemployee by paying him the retrenchment compensation. Since such a workman was working on daily-wage basis and even after he is reinstated, he has no right to seek regularisation [see State of Karnataka v. Umadevi (3)17]. Thus when he cannot claim regularisation and he has no right to continue even as a daily-wage worker, no useful F purpose is going to be served in reinstating such a workman and he can be given monetary compensation by the Court itself inasmuch as if he is terminated again after reinstatement, he would receive monetary compensation only in the form of retrenchment compensation and notice Gpay. In such a situation, giving the relief of reinstatement, that too after a long gap, would not serve any purpose. “35. We would, however, like to add a caveat here. There may be cases where termination of a daily-wage worker is found to be illegal on the ground that it was resorted to as H 98 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2019] 1 S.C.R.

A unfair labour practice or in violation of the principle of last come first go viz. while retrenching such a worker daily wage juniors to him were retained. There may also be a situation that persons junior to him were regularised under some policy but the workman concerned terminated. In such circumstances, the terminated worker should not be B denied reinstatement unless there are some other weighty reasons for adopting the course of grant of compensation instead of reinstatement. In such cases, reinstatement should be the rule and only in exceptional cases for the reasons stated to be in writing, such a relief can be denied.” C 12. Here is also a case where the respondent claimed to have worked as daily wager hardly for a period of one year or so in PWD of the State; Secondly, he had no right to claim regularization; Thirdly, he had no right to continue as daily wager and lastly, the dispute was raised by the respondent (workman) almost after 25 years of the alleged D termination before the Labour Court. 13. It is for these reasons, we are of the view that the case of the respondent would squarely fall in the category of cases discussed by this Court in Para 34 of the judgment rendered in Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd. (supra).

E 14. In view of the forgoing discussion, we are of the considered view that it would be just, proper and reasonable to award lump sum monetary compensation to the respondent in full and final satisfaction of his claim of re-instatement and other consequential benefits by taking recourse to the powers under Section 11-A of the Act and the law laid down by this Court in Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited’s case (supra).F 15. Having regard to the totality of the facts taken note of supra, we consider it just and reasonable to award a sum of Rs.1,00,000/-(Rs.One lakh) to the respondent in lieu of his right to claim re-instatement and back wages in full and final satisfaction of this dispute in place of Rs.30,000/- awarded by the Labour Court. Only to this extent we modifyG the award of the Labour Court in quantum of award of compensation by enhancing it from Rs.30,000/- to Rs.1,00,000 (one lakh). 16. Let the payment of Rs.1,00,000/- be paid by the appellant(State) to the respondent within three months from the date of receipt of this judgment. H STATE OF UTTARAKHAND v. RAJ KUMAR 99 [ABHAY MANOHAR SAPRE, J.] 17. In view of the foregoing discussion, the appeals succeed and A are allowed in part. The impugned orders of the High Court in the writ petition and the review application are set aside. The Award of the Labour Court dated 25.02.2015 is accordingly modified to the extent indicated above. B Devika Gujral Appeal partly allowed. C D E F G H