[2015] 12 S.C.R. 773 EDARA HARi BABU A v. TULLURI VENKATA NARASIMHAM & ORS. (Civil Appeal Nos. 7115 of2015) B SEPTEMBER 15, 2015 [J. CHELAMESWAR AND ABHAY MANOHAR SAPRE, JJ.]

Andhra Pradesh Panchayat Raj Act, 1994: s. 22-A - c Respondent no. 1 appointed as whip on behalf of TOP in respect to election to the office of Chairperson and Vice-Chairperson of ZPP - Respondent no. 1 then issued a whip. directing all ZPTC members beionging to TOP to vote in favour of one 'M' for office of Chairperson and one 'P' for office D of Vice-Chairperson of ZPP - Election was conducted and appellant contested election as independent candidate and cast his vote in his own favour-Appellant was then elected as Chairperson defeating the candidate proposed by TDP-Comp/aint by respondent no. 1 against appellant before E District Collector alleging that he violated the whips issued by TOP - District Collector disqualified the appellant as member of ZPTC and directed him to vacate the office of Chairperson - CEO directed Vice-Chairperson to temporarily take over charge of the office of Cfwirperson until a new F Chairperson is duly elected - High Court suspended the order of CEO - By interim order, Division Bench directed Vice-Chairperson to discharge the functions of the Chairperson until further orders and further restrained the respondents from filling up the vacancy of Chairperson and G a/so. directed District Judge to decide the pending election petitions within 3 months - Propriety of interim order- Held: The impugned order of the Division Bench in directing removal of the appellant from the post of Chairperson and H 773 774 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2015] 12 S.C.R.

A asking the Vice-Chairperson to take over the charge of the Chairperson in his place is not only untenable in law but also perverse - Division Bench failed to see that so long as the final adjudication is not done in accordance with law on merits in the election petitions, the District Court was vested with B the power to pass appropriate interim orders in relation to the impugned action u/s.22-A of the Act - Interim order-Code of Civil Procedure, 1908-0r.39 rr.1. and 2; Or.41 r.5. Allowing the appeals, the Court c HELD: 1. It is a well settled principle of law that the Courts are always vested with inherent and statutory power to stay/restrain the execution of the action impugned in the lis during pendency of the lis. These o powers are contained in Order 39 Rules 1and 2, and Order 41 Rule 5 of the CPC. The Division Bench failed to see that so long as the final adjudication is not done in accordance with law on merits in the election petitions, the District Court was vested with the power to pass E appropriate interim orders in relat.ion to the impugned action under Section 22-A of the Act. The Division Bench also failed to appreciate that once writ petitions filed.by the appellant were allowed on 07.11.2014 by suspending the proceedings dated 11.08.2014, the respondents had F no option but to allow the appellant to function as the Chairman ofZPP. [Paras 45, 48 and 49] [787-E; 788·-A-B, D-E] ~

2. The effect of the suspension order dated G 07.11.2014 of the Single Judge was that the appellant's disqualification from the post of member of ZPTC and the Chairperson of ZPP was kept in abeyance till the disposal of the election petitions. In other words, no effect was to be given to the appellant's disqualification in H relation to his status as member and the Chairperson till EDARAHARIBABU v. TULLURIVENKATANARASIMHAM 775 the disposal of the election petitions. The Single Judge A simultaneously in other two pending writ petitions by separate interim orders one dated 12.11.2014 and other dated 28.11.2014 had stayed the order dated 12.08.2014 by which the Vice- Chairperson of the ZPP was asked to assume the charge of the post of Chairperson and this B stay was in operation. In the light of these undisputed facts, there was no legal impediment for the appellant to have assumed the post of the Chairperson, ZPP which he did assume on 08.11.2014 pursuant to the order dated 07.11.2014 of the Single Judge. Once the appellant C · assumed the office of the Chairperson, the Division Bench should have dismissed the interlocutory applications as having rendered infructuous because the prayer made therein, namely, to restrain the appellant 0from assuming the office of the Chairperson and asking the vice-Chairperson to assume the charge of the Chairperson was already implemented prior to consideration of the applications and there was no apparent justification to oust the appellant from the post E of Chairperson by another interim order. If the reasoning given by the High Court while passing the interim order is perverse and legally unsustainable being against the settled principle of law laid down then interference of this Court in such order is called for regardless of the F nature of the order impugned in appeal. [Paras 52 to 55,

58) [788-H; 789-A-G; 790-D-E] Mu/raj vs. Murti Raghunathji Maharaj AIR 1967 SC 1386: 1967 SCR 84- relied on. G Case Law Reference 1967 SCR 84 relied on. Para 46 CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Civil Appeal No. 7115 of 2015 H 776 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2015] 12 S.C.R. A From the Judgment and Order dated 10.12.2014 of the High Court of Judicature at Hyderabad for the State of Telangana and the State of Andhra Pradesh in W.A.M.P. No. 3416/2014 in W.A. No. 1386/2014 WITH B C.A. No. 7116of2015 And SLP (C) No. 5896-5897 of 2015 C P.P. Rao, B.Adinarayana,A.K. Ganguli, Sr.Advs., Ms. Y. Vismai Rao, M. Karthik Pavan Kumar, Hitender Nath Rath, P. Govindaiah, Sandeep Singh, Y. Raja Gopala Rao, Ms. Prerna Singh, G. Pramod Kumar, Prashant Chaudhary, Venkateswara Rao Anumolu, Goli Ramakrishna, Shaswat Goel, Guntur D Prabhakar, Advs., with them for the appearing parties. The Judgment of the Court was delivered by AB HAY MANOHAR SAPRE, J. In S.L.P. (C) Nos. 36764/ 2014 & 36773/2014 E 1. Leave granted.

2. These appeals are filed against the common interim order dated 10.12.2014 passed by the High Court of F Judicature at Hyderabad for the State of Telangana and the State of Andhra Pradesh in W.A.M.P. No. 3416 of2014 in W.A. No.1386 of 2014 and W.A.M.P. No. 3418 of 2014 in W.A. No.1388 of 2014 whereby while disposing of the applications filed in these appeals, the High Court directed the Vice-G Chairperson of Zilla Praja Parishad (in short "ZPP"), Prakasam District, ongole to discharge the functions of the Chairperson for the office of Zilla Praja Parishad, Prakasam District, Ongole until further orders. 3. In order to appreciate the issue involved in these H EDARA HARi BABU v. TULLURI VENKATA NARASIMHAM 777 [ABHAY MANOHAR SAPRE, J.] appeals, which lie in a narrow compass, it is necessary to state A a few relevant facts which were taken from the record of the S.L.Ps.

4. The appellant is the duly elected member of Zilla Parishad Territorial Constituency (in short "ZPTC") of Ponnaluru B Manda!, Prakasam District. He had contested this election as a candidate of Telugu Desam Party (in short "TOP") for Prakasam District, Ongole. On 26.06.2014, the Election Commission for the State of Andhra Pradesh (in short "the State Election Commission")-respondent No.3 herein issued C orders directing various District Collectors including the District Collector-cum-Presiding Officer, Prakasam District (Respondent No.2 herein) to conduct election to the office of Chairperson and Vice-Chairperson of the Zilla Praja Parishads (in short 'ZPP') on 05.07.2014. D 5. However, the elections to the offices of Chairperson and Vice-Chairperson of ZPP, Prakasam District could not be held on the said date, i.e. 05.07.2014, and were accordingly postponed to a later date. E 6. On 07.07.2014, an order was issued by the District Collector, Prakasam District (respondent No.4 herein) requesting the State Election Commission (respondent No.3 herein) to hold the election on 13.07.2014. F

7. On 09.07.2014, the State President of the TOP addressed a letter to the State Election Commission (respondent No.3) informing that one Shri Bonda Uma Maheswara Rao, General Secretary of the TOP, is authorized G to issue Form-A and Form-B as prescribed in Rule 22(1) of theAndhra Pradesh Conduct of Election of Member (Co-opted), President and Vice-President of Manda! Parishad and . Members (Co-opted), Chairperson and Vice~Chairperson of Zila Parishad Rules, 2006 (hereinafter referred to as "The H 778 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2015] 12 S.C.R. I A Rules") and is also authorized to issue the appointment of whip for the said elections in the State of Andhra Pradesh. Shri Bonda Uma Maheswara Rao then issued Form-A dated 10:07.2014 authorizing one Shri D. Janardhana Rao, the District President of the Prakasam District TDP to issue Form-s B to the candidates set up by the TDP in the aforesaid election insofar as ZPP, Prakasam district was concerned and on the same day he also informed the same to the District Collector-cum-Presiding Officer, Prakasam District, Ongole.

C 8. On 12.07.2014, Shri D. Janardhana Rao informed the District Collector-cum-Presiding Officer (respondent No.2) that Shri Tulluri Venkata Narasimham (respondent No.1) has been appointed as whip on behalf of the TDP in relation to the election to the office of Chairperson and Vice-Chairperson of D ZPP, of Prakasam District. Shri Tulluri Venkata Narasimham (Respondent No.1) then issued a whip on 12.07.2014 directing all the ZPTC members belonging to the TDP to vote in favour of Shri Manne Ravindra for the office of Chairperson. On the next day, i.e. 13.07.2014, respondent No.1 issued another E whip directing all the TDP members of the ZPTC to vote in favour of Smt. P. Koteswaramma for the office of Vice-Chairperson. 9. According to the appellant, when the whip was issued, F the appellant was not present in Ongole but was at Hyderabad from 07.07.2014 to 12.07.2014. It was for this reason, the appellant alleged that he neither received nor seNed with the copy of two whips which were alleged to have been issued. He also alleged that his signature acknowledging receipt of G the said whips were either forged or fabricated. 10. On 13.07.2014, the said elections were conducted by the District Collector-cum-Presiding Officer. The appellant, however, contested the election to the office of Chairperson, H ZPP, Prakasam District as an "independent candidate" and EDARA HARi BABU v. TULLURI VENKATA NARASHy1HAM 779 [ABHAY MANOHAR SAPRE, J.]

cast his vote in his own favour\ and in favour of one S11ri N. A Balaji, an independent candidate for the office of Vice-Chairperson. The appellant won the election and was· accordingly declared elected as the Chairperson by one vote defeating Sri Manne Ravindra, the candidate proposed by the TOP as a candidate to the post of Chairperson. B 11. This led to filing of a complaint by Shri Tulluri Venkata Narasimham (respondent No.1) against the appellant on 14.07.2014 before the District Collector-cum-Presiding Officer (respondent No.2) all~ging inter afia that he was appointed C as a whip by the TOP in relation to the said election held on 13.07.2014 and that the appellant cast his vote in the said election in violation of the whips issued by the TOP on 12.07.2014 and 13.07.2014. D · 12. On 16.07.2014, a show cause notice was issued to the appellant calling upon him to show cause as to why action should not be taken against him for violating the directions issued in the whips and why he should not be disqualified as per G.O.Ms. No. 173 dated 10.05.2014 and Section 22(5) of E the Andhra Pradesh Panchayat Raj Act, 1994 (hereinafter ·. referred to as "the Act").

13. The appellant submitted his explanation on 04.08.2014 stating inter afia that he had not violated the whips. F It was also his case that he had not received any whip and his signatures on the whips' receipts were eitherfake or fabricated by someone. He also stated that he was at Hyderabad from 07.07.2014 to 12.07.2014 and hence did not receive the alleged whips even if issued. He. therefore, prayed the District G Collector-cum-Presiding Officer (respondent No.2) to conduct a detailed inquiry in the matter. 14. By order dated 11.08.2014 in Re.No. P1/4598-lndirect election/13, the Presiding Officer & District Collector, H 780 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2015] 12 S.C.R. A Prakasam District, Ongole disqualified the appellant as the member of ZPTC, Ponnaluru and directed him to vacate the office of the Chairperson, ZPP, Prakasam Dist., Ongole. 15. On 12.08.2014, the Chief Executive Officer (in short 8 "CEO"), ZPP, Ongole by proceedings in Rc.No.P1/4959/2014, directed Shri N. Balaji, Vice-Chairperson to temporarily take over the, charge of the office of Chairperson until a new Chairperson is duly elected.

c 16. Challenging the order dated 11.08.2014 passed by the Presiding Officer & District Collector, Prakasam District, Ongole, the appellant filed W.P.No. 23541of2014 before the High Court. Vide order dated 22.08.2014, the High Court dismissed the petition granting liberty to the petitioner therein D to approa~h the District Court by taking recourse to the remedy available under Section 181-A of the Act. 17. Theappellantaccordinglyfiled E.O.P. No. 8of2014 and E.O.P. No. 9 of 2014 before the 1st Additional District E Judge, Ongole against the order dated 11.08.2014 passed by the Presiding Officer on the grounds pleaded therein. He also filed l.A.Nos.1697 of 2014 in E.O.P No. 8/2014 and l.A.No.1684 of 2014 in E.O.P No. 9/2014 to grant ad interim injunction by suspending the order dated 11.08.2014 passed F by the Presiding Officer, Ongole in Re. No. P1/4598-lndirect Election/8. By orders dated 07.10.2014, the 1st Additional District Judge dismissed the said I.As. and declined to grant injunction prayed by the appellant. G 18. Questioning thf? order dated 07 .10.2014 passed by the 1st Additional District Judge, Ongole, in I.A. No. 1697 of 2014 in E.O.P. No. 8 of2014 & I.A.No. 1684 of2014 in E.O.P. No. 9 of2014, the appellant filed W.P. Nos. 30790 and 30791 of 2014 before the High Court of Judicature at Hyderabad for H the State ofTelangana and the State of Andhra Pradesh. EDARAHARIBABU v. TULLURIVENKATANARASIMHAM 781 [ABHAY MANOHAR SAPRE, J.]

19. In view of the disqualification of the appellant herein, A a representation was submitted by Mr. Garinipudi Steeven & 24 others on 28.08.2014 to the State Election Commission and the pi~trict Collector-cum-Presiding Officer for conducting fresh elections. Since the said application was not being consid~red by the State Election Commission, the abovesaid B petitioners filed W.P. No. 30799 of2014 before the High Court. 20. The learned Single Judge of the High Court heard W.P.Nos. 30790, 30791 and 30799 of 2014 together and by common order dated 07.11.2014, allowed W.P. Nos. 39790 C and 30791 of2014 filed by the appellant herein and quashed the order dated 07.10.2014 passed by the 1st Additional District Judge. The learned Single Judge then suspended the proceedings dated 11.08.2014 by which the appellant was disqualified as ZPTC member and consequently as D Chairperson of ZPP. So far as W.P. No.30799 of 2014, which was filed for conducting fresh election in view of the disqualification of the appellant herein, was concerned, it was dismissed. E

21. On 08.11.2014, the appellant addressed a letter to the CEO, ZPPs, Prakasam District, Ongole informing him that the order dated 11.08.2014 passed by the District Collector-cum-Presid ing Officer, Prakasam District regarding disqualification of his membership as ZPTC and also F Chairperson of ZPP was suspended vide order dated 07.11.2014 passed by the learned Single Judge of the High Court irl W.P.. Nos. 39790 and 30791 of 2014 and hence the appellant be allowed to resume the office of the Chairperson, ZPP. Prakasam District. G 22. The appellant accordingly on 08.11.2014 resumed the office of Chairperson and took over the charge of the office of the Chairperson, ZPP, Prakasam District and started conducting various meetings and took various decisions. H 782 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2015] 12 S.C.R. A 23. To complete the narration of the facts, it may here be mentioned that one Rajendra Prasad, felt aggrieved of the order dated 12.08.2014 passed by the CEO in Rc.No.P1/ 4959/2014, by which Mr. N. Balaji Vice-Chairperson was temporarily allowed to take over the charge of the office of B Chairperson consequent upon declaration of appellant's disqualification for the post of Chairperson and filed a writ petition bearing W.P.No.31113 of 2014 before the High Court. 24. Vide order dated 12.11.2014, the learned Single C Judge of the High Court allowed W.P.No.31113 of 2014 filed by M.Rajendra Prasad and suspended the proceedings dated 12.08.2014 subject to further orders.

25. In the meantime, Shri Tulluri Venkata Narasimham-D respondent No.1 herein filed W.A.M.P. No. 3416 of 2014 in W.A.No. 1386 of 2014 and W.A.M.P. No. 3418 of 2014 in W.A. No. 1388 of 2014 before the High Court challenging the order dated 07.11.2014 passed by the learned Single.Judge. 26. On 12.11.2014, the Chief Executive Officer (CEO}, E ZPP addressed a letter in Re. No.P1/4598/High Court Cases/ 2013 to the Commissioner, Panchayat Raj & Rural Development stating that pursuant to the order dated 07 .11 .2014 passed by the High Court, the appellant has F resumed the office of the Chairperson, ZPP, Prakasam District on 08.11.2014. However. respondent No.1, on his part informed that he had preferred an appeal against the order dated 07.11.2014 before the High Court. Though there was no interim order passed in the writ appeals filed by respondent G No.1 herein before the High Court yet the CEO sought clarifications from the Commissioner on this issue as to what should be done in the case. 27. On 13.11.2014, the appellant, was constrained to H send a legal notice to the CEO to ensure compliance of the EDARA, HARi BABU v. TULLURI VENKATA NARASIMHAM 783 [ABHAY MANOHAR SAPRE, J.] order dated 07.11.2014 passed by the learned Single Judge A and co-operate with the appellant to enable hiin to discharge the duties as Chairperson and forthwith withdraw the clarification letter dated 12.11.2014 sent by him to the Commissioner, which according to appellant was not at all Bnecessary.

. 28. On 14.11.2014, the appellant also address~d a letter to the Commissioner against the CEO and Dy. C.E.O. and requested him to take disciplinary action against them. By letter dated 15.11.2014, the Commissioner informed to the C Secretary to the Government that the appellant has resumed the office of the Chairperson from 08.11.2014. 29. On 25.11.2014, one Shri Lakshminarayana filed W.P. No. 36421 of 2014 seeking suspension of proceedings dated o 12.08.2014 of the CEO directing the Vice-Chairperson to act as the Chairperson which was already the subject matter of pending Writ Petition No. 31113/2014. On 26.11.2014, the appellant filed an application for bringing on record the documents to show that he has already resumed the office as E the Chairperson pursuant to the final order dated 07.11.2014 passed by the learned Single Judge in W.P. Nos. 30790 & 30791 of 2014 and has been functioning since 08.11.2014. He, therefore, contended that there arise no occasion to allow anyone to resume the post of Chairperson and secondly, no F vacancy arises for the post of Chairperson at least till the final disposal of the main election petitions pending before the District Court. 30. The High Court, in the meantime, by order dated G 28.11.2014 in W.P. No. 36241 of 2014 suspended the proceedings dated 12.08.2014 of the CEO by which he had directed the Vice- Chairperson to act as Chairperson, as was already done in identical Writ Petition No. 31113/2014 by order dated12.11.2014. H

. 784 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2015] 12 S.C.R. A 31. Against the said orders, i.~. order dated 12.11.2014 passed in W.P.No. 31113.of2014 and order dated 28.11.2014 passed in Writ Petition No. 36241/2014, two writ appeals bearing W.A. Nos. 1484 and 1485 of 2014 were preferred. B 32. On 01.12.2014, the appellant filed application bearing WAMP No. 3690 of2014 in W.A. No. 1386/2014 and W.A.M.P. No. 3691.of2014 in W.A. No. 1388of2014 intera/ia praying for considering the additional documents in support of his contention that there is no vacancy forthe post of Chairperson. c 33. By impugned interim order dated 10.12.2014 passed in W.A.M.P. No. 3416of2014 in W.A. No.1386of2014 and W.A.M.P. No. 3418 of 2014 in W.A. No. 1388 of 2014, the Division Bench directed the Vice-Chairperson to discharge D the functions of the Chairperson until further orders and further restrained the respondents from filling up the vacancy of Chairperson. The Division Bench also directed the District Judge to decide the pending Election Petitions within three months and posted the appeals for hearing after two months. E 34. Against the aforesaid interim order, the appellant has filed these appeals by way of special leave before this Court.

35. Mr. P.P. Rao, learned senior counsel, appearing for F the appellant while assailing the legality and correctness of the impugned order contended that the Division Bench of the High Court erred in allowing the interlocutory applications filed by respondent No. 1 herein and giving impugned directions. G He submitted that in the light of well reasoned order passed by the learned Single Judge allowing the writ petitions filed by the appellant herein and keeping his disqualification of membership/Chairpersonship under suspension till disposal of the election petitions, both intra court appeals and H applications had virtually become infructuous and hence were EDARA HARi BABU v. TULLURI VEN KATA NARASIMHAM 785 [ABHAY MANOHAR SAPRE, J.] liable to be dismissed as such. A 36. Learned senior counsel then contended that no prima facie case was made out for passing the impugned order because the appellant herein had already resumed the office of the Chairperson on 08.11.2014 pursuant to the order dated B 07.11.2014 passed by the learned Single Judge. 37. Learned counsel pointed out that once the appellant resumed the post of the Chairperson pursuant to order passed by the learned Single Judge, the only direction that should have c . been given while disposing of the appeal/application by the Divis(on Bench was to decide the appellant's election petitions by the 1st Additional District Judge, Ongole on merits expeditiously.

38. Learned Counsel further contended that even D assuming that the High Court could go into the merits of the controversy, though it should not have, yet it was the appellant who was able to make out prima facie case as was rightly .held by the learned Single Judge in his favour when he allowed E appellant's writ petition arising out of the interim order of the Additional District Judge. 39. Referring to Rules 21 and 22, learned Counsel contended that the alleged whips issued by the TOP in relation to the election in question were not legal because it did not F satisfy the requirements of the twin rules. Learned Counsel while criticizing the manner in which the Division Bench recorded certain findings against the well settled principles of law and contended that the impugned order besides being G interim in nature is wholly legally unsustainable and hence deserves to be set aside. 40. In contra, Mr. A.K. Ganguli, learned senior counsel appearing for respondent No.1, while supporting the impugned H 786 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2015] 12 S.C.R. A order contended that the same being interim in nature, no interference is called for under Article 136 of the Constitution of India. 41. Having heard the learned Counsel for the parties and B on perusal of the record of the case and the written submissions, we find force in the submissions of the learned senior counsel for the appellant.

42. The short question, which arises for consideration in C these appeals, is whether the Division Bench was justified in allowing the applications filed in pending writ appeals and was, therefore, justified in issuing mandatory directions? 43. The impugned directions read as under: "We, therefore, direct the Vice-Chairperson, until D further .orders of this Court, to discharge the functions of the Chairperson in terms of the aforesaid legal provision. However, we restrain all the official respondents from taking any steps or further steps to fill up the vacancy which resulted E because of the disqualification order. It would be ideal if the District Judge decides the matter pending on his file within three months instead of six months from the date of F communication of this order. These two appeals will come up for hearing two months hence. WAMPs are ordered accordingly." G The aforementioned directions are based on following two findings recorded by the High Court: "We are of the opinion that until and unless the order of disqualification is set aside, it remains operative. Unlike the Court, the Collector has no H EDARA HARi BABU v. TULLURI VEN KATA NARASIMHAM 787 [ABHAY MANOHAR SAPRE, J.] power to grant an order of injunction. In our view, A of course, prima facie, the order of suspension of the learned Trial Judge in the above legal and factual scenario is futile and cannot even be implemented."

" ..... We think that some sort of workable B interim order was passed keeping in view the balance of convenience, as under the Constitution, there is no express provision that in case of vacancy in the office of Prime Minister, anyone will C function as a Prime Minister, as a Head of the Council of Ministers. On the contrary, on the vacancy, the entire Cabinet would stand dissolved." 44. In our considered opinion, the aforementioned two findings are not legally sustainable for the reasons mentioned D infra. 45. It is a well settled principle of law that the Courts are always vested with inherent and statutory power to stay/restrain the execution of the action impugned in the /is during pendency E of the /is. These powers are contained in Order 39 Rules 1 .and 2 and Order 41 Rule 5 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908. 46. This Court in Mulraj vs. Murti Raghunathji Maharaj, F AIR 1967 SC 1386 had the occasion to take-note ofthis well settled principle wherein Justice K:N. Wanchoo speaking for the Bench explained the ~ubtle distinction between the grant of injunction and stay and explained the effect of both including consequence after their termination. G 47. Keeping in view this well settled principle, which we need not elaborate herein, we are of the view that the Division Bench was not right in observing that so long as the order of disqualification was not set aside, it remained operative. H 788 SUPREME COURT REPORTS {2015] 12 S.C.R.

A 48. In our considered view, the Division Bench failed to see! that so long as the final adjudication is not done in accordance with law on merits in the election petitions, the District Court was vested with the power to pass appropriate interim orders in relation to the impugned action under Section B 22-A of the Act which reads as under: "22-A Bar of jurisdiction: No order passed or proceedings taken under the provisions of this Act, shall be called in question in any Court, in any suit, or application, and no injunction shall be granted c by any Court except District Court in respect of any action taken or about to be taken in pursuance of any power conferred by or under this Act." (Emphasis supplied) D 49. The Division Bench also failed to appreciate that once writ petitions filed by the appellant herein were allowed on 07.11.2014 by suspending the proceedings dated 11.08.2014, the respondents had no option but to allow the appellant to E function as the Chairman of ZPP. "· 50. Similarly the Division Bench was also not right in giving an illustration quoted above in support of the impugned order. In our opinion, the illustration is wholly misplaced and F has nothing to do with the short question involved herein.

51. Now coming to the issue, we find that indisputably thou!~h the District Court declined to grant any injunction to the appellant for grant of any interim order in his favour but the G learned Single Judge by order dated 7.11.2014 in W.P.Nos. 30790 of2014 had stayed th.e operation of the disqualification order dated 11.8.2014 passed by the District Collector. 52. In our considered opinion, the effect of the suspension H order dated 07.11.2014 of the learned Single Judge was that EDARA HARi BABU v. TULLURI VENKATA NARASIMHAM 789 [ABHAY MANOHAR SAPRE, J.] the appellant's disqualification from the post of member of A ZPTC and the Chairperson of ZPP was kept in abeyance till the disposal of the election petitions. In other words, no effect was to be given to the appellant's disqualification in relation to his status as member and the Chairperson till the disposal of Bthe election petitions. 53. It is also not in dispute that the learned Single Judge simultaneously in other two pending writ petitions (W.P.No.31113 of 2014 and W.P.No.36421 of 2014) by separate interim orders one dated 12.11.2014 and other dated C 28.11.2014 had stayed the order dated 12.08.2014 by which the Vice- Chairperson of the ZPP was asked to assume the charge of the post of Chairperson and this stay was in operation. D

54. In the light of these undisputed facts, we are of the view that there was no legal impediment for the appellant to have assumed the post of the Chairper~on, ZPP, Prakasam District, which he did assume on 08.11.2014 pursuant to the order dated 07.11.2014 of the learned Single Judge. Once E the appellant assumed the office of the Chairperson, the Division Bench should have dismissed the interlocutory applications as having rendered infructuous because the prayer made therein, namely, to restrain the appellant from assuming the office of the Chairperson and asking the vice- F Chairperson to assume the charge of the Chairperson was already implemented prior to consideration of the applications and there was no apparent justification to oust the appellant from the post of Chairperson by another interim order. G 55. In our considered opinion, the impugned order of the Division Bench in directing removal of the appellant from the post of Chairperson and asking the Vice-Chairperson to take over the charge of the Chairperson in his place is not only untenable in law but also perverse. H 790 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2015] 12 S.C.R.,

A 56. Though~ learned senior counsel forthe appellant also urged the issues relating to legality of the whip issued by the TDP contending inter alia that it was not in conformity with the requirements of Rules etc. but we refrain from going into this question at this stage in these appeals for the simple reason B that these issues are sub judiced in the election petitions and hence need to be tried by the District Judge on merits in accordance with law as directed by the learned Single Judge vide order dated 7.11.2014. C 57. This takes us to the last submission urged by the learned senior counsel for respondent No.1 that impugned order being interim in nature, this Court should.not interfere in the same under Article 136 of the Constitution of India. We do not agree with this submission. D 58. In our considered view, if we find thatthe reasoning given by the High Court while passing the interim order is perverse and legally unsustainable being against the settled principle of law laid down by this Court then interference of E this Court in such order is called for regardless of the nature of the order impugned in appeal. 59. In this case, having noticed that the two reasonings extracted above are wholly unsustainable being against the F well settled principle of law, it is necessary for this Court to interfere. 60. The fate of the appellant about his membership and Chairpersonship would depend upon the outcome of the G election petitions.

61. Let the election petitions be decided within 3 months as an outer limit from the date of this Court. 62. In view of foregoing discussion, the appeals succeed H and are accordingly allowed. Impugned order is set aside. As EDARA HARi BABU v. TULLURI VEN KATA NARASIMHAM 791 [ABHAY MANOHAR SAPRE, J.] a consequence, all the p~nding appeals/petitions before the A High Court also stand finally disposed of in the light of this judgment because there remains nothing for the High Court now to decide in pending appeals/writ petitions. S.L.P.(c) Nos. 5896-5897 of2015 B .In view of the detailed judgment passed in the appeals @ S.L.P.(c) Nos. 36764 of 2014 and 36773 of 2014, these special leave petitions stand disposed of accordingly. Devika Gujral Appeals allowed. C

[2015] 12 S.C.R. 773 EDARA HARi BABU A v. TULLURI VENKATA NARASIMHAM & ORS. (Civil Appeal Nos. 7115 of2015) B SEPTEMBER 15, 2015 [J. CHELAMESWAR AND ABHAY MANOHAR SAPRE, JJ.]

Andhra Pradesh Panchayat Raj Act, 1994: s. 22-A - c Respondent no. 1 appointed as whip on behalf of TOP in respect to election to the office of Chairperson and Vice-Chairperson of ZPP - Respondent no. 1 then issued a whip. directing all ZPTC members beionging to TOP to vote in favour of one 'M' for office of Chairperson and one 'P' for office D of Vice-Chairperson of ZPP - Election was conducted and appellant contested election as independent candidate and cast his vote in his own favour-Appellant was then elected as Chairperson defeating the candidate proposed by TDP-Comp/aint by respondent no. 1 against appellant before E District Collector alleging that he violated the whips issued by TOP - District Collector disqualified the appellant as member of ZPTC and directed him to vacate the office of Chairperson - CEO directed Vice-Chairperson to temporarily take over charge of the office of Cfwirperson until a new F Chairperson is duly elected - High Court suspended the order of CEO - By interim order, Division Bench directed Vice-Chairperson to discharge the functions of the Chairperson until further orders and further restrained the respondents from filling up the vacancy of Chairperson and G a/so. directed District Judge to decide the pending election petitions within 3 months - Propriety of interim order- Held: The impugned order of the Division Bench in directing removal of the appellant from the post of Chairperson and H 773 774 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2015] 12 S.C.R.

A asking the Vice-Chairperson to take over the charge of the Chairperson in his place is not only untenable in law but also perverse - Division Bench failed to see that so long as the final adjudication is not done in accordance with law on merits in the election petitions, the District Court was vested with B the power to pass appropriate interim orders in relation to the impugned action u/s.22-A of the Act - Interim order-Code of Civil Procedure, 1908-0r.39 rr.1. and 2; Or.41 r.5. Allowing the appeals, the Court c HELD: 1. It is a well settled principle of law that the Courts are always vested with inherent and statutory power to stay/restrain the execution of the action impugned in the lis during pendency of the lis. These o powers are contained in Order 39 Rules 1and 2, and Order 41 Rule 5 of the CPC. The Division Bench failed to see that so long as the final adjudication is not done in accordance with law on merits in the election petitions, the District Court was vested with the power to pass E appropriate interim orders in relat.ion to the impugned action under Section 22-A of the Act. The Division Bench also failed to appreciate that once writ petitions filed.by the appellant were allowed on 07.11.2014 by suspending the proceedings dated 11.08.2014, the respondents had F no option but to allow the appellant to function as the Chairman ofZPP. [Paras 45, 48 and 49] [787-E; 788·-A-B, D-E] ~

2. The effect of the suspension order dated G 07.11.2014 of the Single Judge was that the appellant's disqualification from the post of member of ZPTC and the Chairperson of ZPP was kept in abeyance till the disposal of the election petitions. In other words, no effect was to be given to the appellant's disqualification in H relation to his status as member and the Chairperson till EDARAHARIBABU v. TULLURIVENKATANARASIMHAM 775 the disposal of the election petitions. The Single Judge A simultaneously in other two pending writ petitions by separate interim orders one dated 12.11.2014 and other dated 28.11.2014 had stayed the order dated 12.08.2014 by which the Vice- Chairperson of the ZPP was asked to assume the charge of the post of Chairperson and this B stay was in operation. In the light of these undisputed facts, there was no legal impediment for the appellant to have assumed the post of the Chairperson, ZPP which he did assume on 08.11.2014 pursuant to the order dated 07.11.2014 of the Single Judge. Once the appellant C · assumed the office of the Chairperson, the Division Bench should have dismissed the interlocutory applications as having rendered infructuous because the prayer made therein, namely, to restrain the appellant 0from assuming the office of the Chairperson and asking the vice-Chairperson to assume the charge of the Chairperson was already implemented prior to consideration of the applications and there was no apparent justification to oust the appellant from the post E of Chairperson by another interim order. If the reasoning given by the High Court while passing the interim order is perverse and legally unsustainable being against the settled principle of law laid down then interference of this Court in such order is called for regardless of the F nature of the order impugned in appeal. [Paras 52 to 55,

58) [788-H; 789-A-G; 790-D-E] Mu/raj vs. Murti Raghunathji Maharaj AIR 1967 SC 1386: 1967 SCR 84- relied on. G Case Law Reference 1967 SCR 84 relied on. Para 46 CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Civil Appeal No. 7115 of 2015 H 776 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2015] 12 S.C.R. A From the Judgment and Order dated 10.12.2014 of the High Court of Judicature at Hyderabad for the State of Telangana and the State of Andhra Pradesh in W.A.M.P. No. 3416/2014 in W.A. No. 1386/2014 WITH B C.A. No. 7116of2015 And SLP (C) No. 5896-5897 of 2015 C P.P. Rao, B.Adinarayana,A.K. Ganguli, Sr.Advs., Ms. Y. Vismai Rao, M. Karthik Pavan Kumar, Hitender Nath Rath, P. Govindaiah, Sandeep Singh, Y. Raja Gopala Rao, Ms. Prerna Singh, G. Pramod Kumar, Prashant Chaudhary, Venkateswara Rao Anumolu, Goli Ramakrishna, Shaswat Goel, Guntur D Prabhakar, Advs., with them for the appearing parties. The Judgment of the Court was delivered by AB HAY MANOHAR SAPRE, J. In S.L.P. (C) Nos. 36764/ 2014 & 36773/2014 E 1. Leave granted.

2. These appeals are filed against the common interim order dated 10.12.2014 passed by the High Court of F Judicature at Hyderabad for the State of Telangana and the State of Andhra Pradesh in W.A.M.P. No. 3416 of2014 in W.A. No.1386 of 2014 and W.A.M.P. No. 3418 of 2014 in W.A. No.1388 of 2014 whereby while disposing of the applications filed in these appeals, the High Court directed the Vice-G Chairperson of Zilla Praja Parishad (in short "ZPP"), Prakasam District, ongole to discharge the functions of the Chairperson for the office of Zilla Praja Parishad, Prakasam District, Ongole until further orders. 3. In order to appreciate the issue involved in these H EDARA HARi BABU v. TULLURI VENKATA NARASIMHAM 777 [ABHAY MANOHAR SAPRE, J.] appeals, which lie in a narrow compass, it is necessary to state A a few relevant facts which were taken from the record of the S.L.Ps.

4. The appellant is the duly elected member of Zilla Parishad Territorial Constituency (in short "ZPTC") of Ponnaluru B Manda!, Prakasam District. He had contested this election as a candidate of Telugu Desam Party (in short "TOP") for Prakasam District, Ongole. On 26.06.2014, the Election Commission for the State of Andhra Pradesh (in short "the State Election Commission")-respondent No.3 herein issued C orders directing various District Collectors including the District Collector-cum-Presiding Officer, Prakasam District (Respondent No.2 herein) to conduct election to the office of Chairperson and Vice-Chairperson of the Zilla Praja Parishads (in short 'ZPP') on 05.07.2014. D 5. However, the elections to the offices of Chairperson and Vice-Chairperson of ZPP, Prakasam District could not be held on the said date, i.e. 05.07.2014, and were accordingly postponed to a later date. E 6. On 07.07.2014, an order was issued by the District Collector, Prakasam District (respondent No.4 herein) requesting the State Election Commission (respondent No.3 herein) to hold the election on 13.07.2014. F

7. On 09.07.2014, the State President of the TOP addressed a letter to the State Election Commission (respondent No.3) informing that one Shri Bonda Uma Maheswara Rao, General Secretary of the TOP, is authorized G to issue Form-A and Form-B as prescribed in Rule 22(1) of theAndhra Pradesh Conduct of Election of Member (Co-opted), President and Vice-President of Manda! Parishad and . Members (Co-opted), Chairperson and Vice~Chairperson of Zila Parishad Rules, 2006 (hereinafter referred to as "The H 778 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2015] 12 S.C.R. I A Rules") and is also authorized to issue the appointment of whip for the said elections in the State of Andhra Pradesh. Shri Bonda Uma Maheswara Rao then issued Form-A dated 10:07.2014 authorizing one Shri D. Janardhana Rao, the District President of the Prakasam District TDP to issue Form-s B to the candidates set up by the TDP in the aforesaid election insofar as ZPP, Prakasam district was concerned and on the same day he also informed the same to the District Collector-cum-Presiding Officer, Prakasam District, Ongole.

C 8. On 12.07.2014, Shri D. Janardhana Rao informed the District Collector-cum-Presiding Officer (respondent No.2) that Shri Tulluri Venkata Narasimham (respondent No.1) has been appointed as whip on behalf of the TDP in relation to the election to the office of Chairperson and Vice-Chairperson of D ZPP, of Prakasam District. Shri Tulluri Venkata Narasimham (Respondent No.1) then issued a whip on 12.07.2014 directing all the ZPTC members belonging to the TDP to vote in favour of Shri Manne Ravindra for the office of Chairperson. On the next day, i.e. 13.07.2014, respondent No.1 issued another E whip directing all the TDP members of the ZPTC to vote in favour of Smt. P. Koteswaramma for the office of Vice-Chairperson. 9. According to the appellant, when the whip was issued, F the appellant was not present in Ongole but was at Hyderabad from 07.07.2014 to 12.07.2014. It was for this reason, the appellant alleged that he neither received nor seNed with the copy of two whips which were alleged to have been issued. He also alleged that his signature acknowledging receipt of G the said whips were either forged or fabricated. 10. On 13.07.2014, the said elections were conducted by the District Collector-cum-Presiding Officer. The appellant, however, contested the election to the office of Chairperson, H ZPP, Prakasam District as an "independent candidate" and EDARA HARi BABU v. TULLURI VENKATA NARASHy1HAM 779 [ABHAY MANOHAR SAPRE, J.]

cast his vote in his own favour\ and in favour of one S11ri N. A Balaji, an independent candidate for the office of Vice-Chairperson. The appellant won the election and was· accordingly declared elected as the Chairperson by one vote defeating Sri Manne Ravindra, the candidate proposed by the TOP as a candidate to the post of Chairperson. B 11. This led to filing of a complaint by Shri Tulluri Venkata Narasimham (respondent No.1) against the appellant on 14.07.2014 before the District Collector-cum-Presiding Officer (respondent No.2) all~ging inter afia that he was appointed C as a whip by the TOP in relation to the said election held on 13.07.2014 and that the appellant cast his vote in the said election in violation of the whips issued by the TOP on 12.07.2014 and 13.07.2014. D · 12. On 16.07.2014, a show cause notice was issued to the appellant calling upon him to show cause as to why action should not be taken against him for violating the directions issued in the whips and why he should not be disqualified as per G.O.Ms. No. 173 dated 10.05.2014 and Section 22(5) of E the Andhra Pradesh Panchayat Raj Act, 1994 (hereinafter ·. referred to as "the Act").

13. The appellant submitted his explanation on 04.08.2014 stating inter afia that he had not violated the whips. F It was also his case that he had not received any whip and his signatures on the whips' receipts were eitherfake or fabricated by someone. He also stated that he was at Hyderabad from 07.07.2014 to 12.07.2014 and hence did not receive the alleged whips even if issued. He. therefore, prayed the District G Collector-cum-Presiding Officer (respondent No.2) to conduct a detailed inquiry in the matter. 14. By order dated 11.08.2014 in Re.No. P1/4598-lndirect election/13, the Presiding Officer & District Collector, H 780 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2015] 12 S.C.R. A Prakasam District, Ongole disqualified the appellant as the member of ZPTC, Ponnaluru and directed him to vacate the office of the Chairperson, ZPP, Prakasam Dist., Ongole. 15. On 12.08.2014, the Chief Executive Officer (in short 8 "CEO"), ZPP, Ongole by proceedings in Rc.No.P1/4959/2014, directed Shri N. Balaji, Vice-Chairperson to temporarily take over the, charge of the office of Chairperson until a new Chairperson is duly elected.

c 16. Challenging the order dated 11.08.2014 passed by the Presiding Officer & District Collector, Prakasam District, Ongole, the appellant filed W.P.No. 23541of2014 before the High Court. Vide order dated 22.08.2014, the High Court dismissed the petition granting liberty to the petitioner therein D to approa~h the District Court by taking recourse to the remedy available under Section 181-A of the Act. 17. Theappellantaccordinglyfiled E.O.P. No. 8of2014 and E.O.P. No. 9 of 2014 before the 1st Additional District E Judge, Ongole against the order dated 11.08.2014 passed by the Presiding Officer on the grounds pleaded therein. He also filed l.A.Nos.1697 of 2014 in E.O.P No. 8/2014 and l.A.No.1684 of 2014 in E.O.P No. 9/2014 to grant ad interim injunction by suspending the order dated 11.08.2014 passed F by the Presiding Officer, Ongole in Re. No. P1/4598-lndirect Election/8. By orders dated 07.10.2014, the 1st Additional District Judge dismissed the said I.As. and declined to grant injunction prayed by the appellant. G 18. Questioning thf? order dated 07 .10.2014 passed by the 1st Additional District Judge, Ongole, in I.A. No. 1697 of 2014 in E.O.P. No. 8 of2014 & I.A.No. 1684 of2014 in E.O.P. No. 9 of2014, the appellant filed W.P. Nos. 30790 and 30791 of 2014 before the High Court of Judicature at Hyderabad for H the State ofTelangana and the State of Andhra Pradesh. EDARAHARIBABU v. TULLURIVENKATANARASIMHAM 781 [ABHAY MANOHAR SAPRE, J.]

19. In view of the disqualification of the appellant herein, A a representation was submitted by Mr. Garinipudi Steeven & 24 others on 28.08.2014 to the State Election Commission and the pi~trict Collector-cum-Presiding Officer for conducting fresh elections. Since the said application was not being consid~red by the State Election Commission, the abovesaid B petitioners filed W.P. No. 30799 of2014 before the High Court. 20. The learned Single Judge of the High Court heard W.P.Nos. 30790, 30791 and 30799 of 2014 together and by common order dated 07.11.2014, allowed W.P. Nos. 39790 C and 30791 of2014 filed by the appellant herein and quashed the order dated 07.10.2014 passed by the 1st Additional District Judge. The learned Single Judge then suspended the proceedings dated 11.08.2014 by which the appellant was disqualified as ZPTC member and consequently as D Chairperson of ZPP. So far as W.P. No.30799 of 2014, which was filed for conducting fresh election in view of the disqualification of the appellant herein, was concerned, it was dismissed. E

21. On 08.11.2014, the appellant addressed a letter to the CEO, ZPPs, Prakasam District, Ongole informing him that the order dated 11.08.2014 passed by the District Collector-cum-Presid ing Officer, Prakasam District regarding disqualification of his membership as ZPTC and also F Chairperson of ZPP was suspended vide order dated 07.11.2014 passed by the learned Single Judge of the High Court irl W.P.. Nos. 39790 and 30791 of 2014 and hence the appellant be allowed to resume the office of the Chairperson, ZPP. Prakasam District. G 22. The appellant accordingly on 08.11.2014 resumed the office of Chairperson and took over the charge of the office of the Chairperson, ZPP, Prakasam District and started conducting various meetings and took various decisions. H 782 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2015] 12 S.C.R. A 23. To complete the narration of the facts, it may here be mentioned that one Rajendra Prasad, felt aggrieved of the order dated 12.08.2014 passed by the CEO in Rc.No.P1/ 4959/2014, by which Mr. N. Balaji Vice-Chairperson was temporarily allowed to take over the charge of the office of B Chairperson consequent upon declaration of appellant's disqualification for the post of Chairperson and filed a writ petition bearing W.P.No.31113 of 2014 before the High Court. 24. Vide order dated 12.11.2014, the learned Single C Judge of the High Court allowed W.P.No.31113 of 2014 filed by M.Rajendra Prasad and suspended the proceedings dated 12.08.2014 subject to further orders.

25. In the meantime, Shri Tulluri Venkata Narasimham-D respondent No.1 herein filed W.A.M.P. No. 3416 of 2014 in W.A.No. 1386 of 2014 and W.A.M.P. No. 3418 of 2014 in W.A. No. 1388 of 2014 before the High Court challenging the order dated 07.11.2014 passed by the learned Single.Judge. 26. On 12.11.2014, the Chief Executive Officer (CEO}, E ZPP addressed a letter in Re. No.P1/4598/High Court Cases/ 2013 to the Commissioner, Panchayat Raj & Rural Development stating that pursuant to the order dated 07 .11 .2014 passed by the High Court, the appellant has F resumed the office of the Chairperson, ZPP, Prakasam District on 08.11.2014. However. respondent No.1, on his part informed that he had preferred an appeal against the order dated 07.11.2014 before the High Court. Though there was no interim order passed in the writ appeals filed by respondent G No.1 herein before the High Court yet the CEO sought clarifications from the Commissioner on this issue as to what should be done in the case. 27. On 13.11.2014, the appellant, was constrained to H send a legal notice to the CEO to ensure compliance of the EDARA, HARi BABU v. TULLURI VENKATA NARASIMHAM 783 [ABHAY MANOHAR SAPRE, J.] order dated 07.11.2014 passed by the learned Single Judge A and co-operate with the appellant to enable hiin to discharge the duties as Chairperson and forthwith withdraw the clarification letter dated 12.11.2014 sent by him to the Commissioner, which according to appellant was not at all Bnecessary.

. 28. On 14.11.2014, the appellant also address~d a letter to the Commissioner against the CEO and Dy. C.E.O. and requested him to take disciplinary action against them. By letter dated 15.11.2014, the Commissioner informed to the C Secretary to the Government that the appellant has resumed the office of the Chairperson from 08.11.2014. 29. On 25.11.2014, one Shri Lakshminarayana filed W.P. No. 36421 of 2014 seeking suspension of proceedings dated o 12.08.2014 of the CEO directing the Vice-Chairperson to act as the Chairperson which was already the subject matter of pending Writ Petition No. 31113/2014. On 26.11.2014, the appellant filed an application for bringing on record the documents to show that he has already resumed the office as E the Chairperson pursuant to the final order dated 07.11.2014 passed by the learned Single Judge in W.P. Nos. 30790 & 30791 of 2014 and has been functioning since 08.11.2014. He, therefore, contended that there arise no occasion to allow anyone to resume the post of Chairperson and secondly, no F vacancy arises for the post of Chairperson at least till the final disposal of the main election petitions pending before the District Court. 30. The High Court, in the meantime, by order dated G 28.11.2014 in W.P. No. 36241 of 2014 suspended the proceedings dated 12.08.2014 of the CEO by which he had directed the Vice- Chairperson to act as Chairperson, as was already done in identical Writ Petition No. 31113/2014 by order dated12.11.2014. H

. 784 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2015] 12 S.C.R. A 31. Against the said orders, i.~. order dated 12.11.2014 passed in W.P.No. 31113.of2014 and order dated 28.11.2014 passed in Writ Petition No. 36241/2014, two writ appeals bearing W.A. Nos. 1484 and 1485 of 2014 were preferred. B 32. On 01.12.2014, the appellant filed application bearing WAMP No. 3690 of2014 in W.A. No. 1386/2014 and W.A.M.P. No. 3691.of2014 in W.A. No. 1388of2014 intera/ia praying for considering the additional documents in support of his contention that there is no vacancy forthe post of Chairperson. c 33. By impugned interim order dated 10.12.2014 passed in W.A.M.P. No. 3416of2014 in W.A. No.1386of2014 and W.A.M.P. No. 3418 of 2014 in W.A. No. 1388 of 2014, the Division Bench directed the Vice-Chairperson to discharge D the functions of the Chairperson until further orders and further restrained the respondents from filling up the vacancy of Chairperson. The Division Bench also directed the District Judge to decide the pending Election Petitions within three months and posted the appeals for hearing after two months. E 34. Against the aforesaid interim order, the appellant has filed these appeals by way of special leave before this Court.

35. Mr. P.P. Rao, learned senior counsel, appearing for F the appellant while assailing the legality and correctness of the impugned order contended that the Division Bench of the High Court erred in allowing the interlocutory applications filed by respondent No. 1 herein and giving impugned directions. G He submitted that in the light of well reasoned order passed by the learned Single Judge allowing the writ petitions filed by the appellant herein and keeping his disqualification of membership/Chairpersonship under suspension till disposal of the election petitions, both intra court appeals and H applications had virtually become infructuous and hence were EDARA HARi BABU v. TULLURI VEN KATA NARASIMHAM 785 [ABHAY MANOHAR SAPRE, J.] liable to be dismissed as such. A 36. Learned senior counsel then contended that no prima facie case was made out for passing the impugned order because the appellant herein had already resumed the office of the Chairperson on 08.11.2014 pursuant to the order dated B 07.11.2014 passed by the learned Single Judge. 37. Learned counsel pointed out that once the appellant resumed the post of the Chairperson pursuant to order passed by the learned Single Judge, the only direction that should have c . been given while disposing of the appeal/application by the Divis(on Bench was to decide the appellant's election petitions by the 1st Additional District Judge, Ongole on merits expeditiously.

38. Learned Counsel further contended that even D assuming that the High Court could go into the merits of the controversy, though it should not have, yet it was the appellant who was able to make out prima facie case as was rightly .held by the learned Single Judge in his favour when he allowed E appellant's writ petition arising out of the interim order of the Additional District Judge. 39. Referring to Rules 21 and 22, learned Counsel contended that the alleged whips issued by the TOP in relation to the election in question were not legal because it did not F satisfy the requirements of the twin rules. Learned Counsel while criticizing the manner in which the Division Bench recorded certain findings against the well settled principles of law and contended that the impugned order besides being G interim in nature is wholly legally unsustainable and hence deserves to be set aside. 40. In contra, Mr. A.K. Ganguli, learned senior counsel appearing for respondent No.1, while supporting the impugned H 786 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2015] 12 S.C.R. A order contended that the same being interim in nature, no interference is called for under Article 136 of the Constitution of India. 41. Having heard the learned Counsel for the parties and B on perusal of the record of the case and the written submissions, we find force in the submissions of the learned senior counsel for the appellant.

42. The short question, which arises for consideration in C these appeals, is whether the Division Bench was justified in allowing the applications filed in pending writ appeals and was, therefore, justified in issuing mandatory directions? 43. The impugned directions read as under: "We, therefore, direct the Vice-Chairperson, until D further .orders of this Court, to discharge the functions of the Chairperson in terms of the aforesaid legal provision. However, we restrain all the official respondents from taking any steps or further steps to fill up the vacancy which resulted E because of the disqualification order. It would be ideal if the District Judge decides the matter pending on his file within three months instead of six months from the date of F communication of this order. These two appeals will come up for hearing two months hence. WAMPs are ordered accordingly." G The aforementioned directions are based on following two findings recorded by the High Court: "We are of the opinion that until and unless the order of disqualification is set aside, it remains operative. Unlike the Court, the Collector has no H EDARA HARi BABU v. TULLURI VEN KATA NARASIMHAM 787 [ABHAY MANOHAR SAPRE, J.] power to grant an order of injunction. In our view, A of course, prima facie, the order of suspension of the learned Trial Judge in the above legal and factual scenario is futile and cannot even be implemented."

" ..... We think that some sort of workable B interim order was passed keeping in view the balance of convenience, as under the Constitution, there is no express provision that in case of vacancy in the office of Prime Minister, anyone will C function as a Prime Minister, as a Head of the Council of Ministers. On the contrary, on the vacancy, the entire Cabinet would stand dissolved." 44. In our considered opinion, the aforementioned two findings are not legally sustainable for the reasons mentioned D infra. 45. It is a well settled principle of law that the Courts are always vested with inherent and statutory power to stay/restrain the execution of the action impugned in the /is during pendency E of the /is. These powers are contained in Order 39 Rules 1 .and 2 and Order 41 Rule 5 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908. 46. This Court in Mulraj vs. Murti Raghunathji Maharaj, F AIR 1967 SC 1386 had the occasion to take-note ofthis well settled principle wherein Justice K:N. Wanchoo speaking for the Bench explained the ~ubtle distinction between the grant of injunction and stay and explained the effect of both including consequence after their termination. G 47. Keeping in view this well settled principle, which we need not elaborate herein, we are of the view that the Division Bench was not right in observing that so long as the order of disqualification was not set aside, it remained operative. H 788 SUPREME COURT REPORTS {2015] 12 S.C.R.

A 48. In our considered view, the Division Bench failed to see! that so long as the final adjudication is not done in accordance with law on merits in the election petitions, the District Court was vested with the power to pass appropriate interim orders in relation to the impugned action under Section B 22-A of the Act which reads as under: "22-A Bar of jurisdiction: No order passed or proceedings taken under the provisions of this Act, shall be called in question in any Court, in any suit, or application, and no injunction shall be granted c by any Court except District Court in respect of any action taken or about to be taken in pursuance of any power conferred by or under this Act." (Emphasis supplied) D 49. The Division Bench also failed to appreciate that once writ petitions filed by the appellant herein were allowed on 07.11.2014 by suspending the proceedings dated 11.08.2014, the respondents had no option but to allow the appellant to E function as the Chairman of ZPP. "· 50. Similarly the Division Bench was also not right in giving an illustration quoted above in support of the impugned order. In our opinion, the illustration is wholly misplaced and F has nothing to do with the short question involved herein.

51. Now coming to the issue, we find that indisputably thou!~h the District Court declined to grant any injunction to the appellant for grant of any interim order in his favour but the G learned Single Judge by order dated 7.11.2014 in W.P.Nos. 30790 of2014 had stayed th.e operation of the disqualification order dated 11.8.2014 passed by the District Collector. 52. In our considered opinion, the effect of the suspension H order dated 07.11.2014 of the learned Single Judge was that EDARA HARi BABU v. TULLURI VENKATA NARASIMHAM 789 [ABHAY MANOHAR SAPRE, J.] the appellant's disqualification from the post of member of A ZPTC and the Chairperson of ZPP was kept in abeyance till the disposal of the election petitions. In other words, no effect was to be given to the appellant's disqualification in relation to his status as member and the Chairperson till the disposal of Bthe election petitions. 53. It is also not in dispute that the learned Single Judge simultaneously in other two pending writ petitions (W.P.No.31113 of 2014 and W.P.No.36421 of 2014) by separate interim orders one dated 12.11.2014 and other dated C 28.11.2014 had stayed the order dated 12.08.2014 by which the Vice- Chairperson of the ZPP was asked to assume the charge of the post of Chairperson and this stay was in operation. D

54. In the light of these undisputed facts, we are of the view that there was no legal impediment for the appellant to have assumed the post of the Chairper~on, ZPP, Prakasam District, which he did assume on 08.11.2014 pursuant to the order dated 07.11.2014 of the learned Single Judge. Once E the appellant assumed the office of the Chairperson, the Division Bench should have dismissed the interlocutory applications as having rendered infructuous because the prayer made therein, namely, to restrain the appellant from assuming the office of the Chairperson and asking the vice- F Chairperson to assume the charge of the Chairperson was already implemented prior to consideration of the applications and there was no apparent justification to oust the appellant from the post of Chairperson by another interim order. G 55. In our considered opinion, the impugned order of the Division Bench in directing removal of the appellant from the post of Chairperson and asking the Vice-Chairperson to take over the charge of the Chairperson in his place is not only untenable in law but also perverse. H 790 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2015] 12 S.C.R.,

A 56. Though~ learned senior counsel forthe appellant also urged the issues relating to legality of the whip issued by the TDP contending inter alia that it was not in conformity with the requirements of Rules etc. but we refrain from going into this question at this stage in these appeals for the simple reason B that these issues are sub judiced in the election petitions and hence need to be tried by the District Judge on merits in accordance with law as directed by the learned Single Judge vide order dated 7.11.2014. C 57. This takes us to the last submission urged by the learned senior counsel for respondent No.1 that impugned order being interim in nature, this Court should.not interfere in the same under Article 136 of the Constitution of India. We do not agree with this submission. D 58. In our considered view, if we find thatthe reasoning given by the High Court while passing the interim order is perverse and legally unsustainable being against the settled principle of law laid down by this Court then interference of E this Court in such order is called for regardless of the nature of the order impugned in appeal. 59. In this case, having noticed that the two reasonings extracted above are wholly unsustainable being against the F well settled principle of law, it is necessary for this Court to interfere. 60. The fate of the appellant about his membership and Chairpersonship would depend upon the outcome of the G election petitions.

61. Let the election petitions be decided within 3 months as an outer limit from the date of this Court. 62. In view of foregoing discussion, the appeals succeed H and are accordingly allowed. Impugned order is set aside. As EDARA HARi BABU v. TULLURI VEN KATA NARASIMHAM 791 [ABHAY MANOHAR SAPRE, J.] a consequence, all the p~nding appeals/petitions before the A High Court also stand finally disposed of in the light of this judgment because there remains nothing for the High Court now to decide in pending appeals/writ petitions. S.L.P.(c) Nos. 5896-5897 of2015 B .In view of the detailed judgment passed in the appeals @ S.L.P.(c) Nos. 36764 of 2014 and 36773 of 2014, these special leave petitions stand disposed of accordingly. Devika Gujral Appeals allowed. C