Section 45: Partial failure of consideration not consisting of money.

Q: What does Section 45 of The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (NIA) deal with?

Section 45 NIA pertains to "Partial failure of consideration not consisting of money.". It is part of the The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, a legislation enacted by the Parliament of India. Section 45 of The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (NIA) governs partial failure of consideration not consisting of money. As verified on 19 May 2026.

Q: Is Section 45 NIA still in force?

Yes, Section 45 of the The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 is currently in force across the Republic of India.

Q: What is धारा 45 NIA?

धारा 45 NIA is the Devanagari Hindi reference for Section 45 of the The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881. Section 45 of The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (NIA) governs partial failure of consideration not consisting of money. As verified on 19 May 2026.

Q: What is Dhara 45 NIA?

Dhara 45 NIA is the Roman Hindi reference for Section 45 of the The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881. "Dhara" means "Section" in Hindi. Section 45 of The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (NIA) governs partial failure of consideration not consisting of money. As verified on 19 May 2026.

Q: How to cite Section 45 of The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881?

Cite as: "Section 45, The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (NIA)" in legal briefs. For academic writing, use the BlueBook format: The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, § 45 (India).

Law on Tips Editorial Board

Where a part of the consideration for which a person signed a promissory note, bill of exchange or cheque, though not consisting of money, is ascertainable in money without collateral enquiry, and there has been a failure of that part, the sum which a holder standing in immediate relation with such signer is entitled to receive from him is proportionally reduced.