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The Indian Contract Act, 1872
Act ID: 1872
The Indian Contract Act, 1872
"An Act to define and amend certain parts of the law relating to contracts."
Table of Contents
242 Sections
Ch. I
Preliminary
S.1
Short title
S.2
Interpretation clause
S.3
Communication, acceptance and revocation of proposals
S.4
Communication when complete
S.5
Revocation of proposals and acceptances
S.6
Revocation how made
S.7
Acceptance must be absolute
S.8
Acceptance by performing conditions, or receiving consideration
S.9
Promises, express and implied
S.76
Agent's duty in conducting principal's business
Ch. II
Of Contracts, Voidable Contracts and Void Agreements
S.10
What agreements are contracts
S.11
Who are competent to contract
S.12
What is a sound mind for the purposes of contracting
S.13
Section 13 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.14
Section 14 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.15
Section 15 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.16
Section 16 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.17
Section 17 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.18
Section 18 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.19
Voidability of agreements without free consent
S.19A
Power to set aside contract induced by undue influence
S.20
Agreement void where both parties are under mistake as to matter of fact
S.21
Effect of mistakes as to law
S.22
Contract caused by mistake of one party as to matter of fact
S.23
What considerations and objects are lawful, and what not
S.24
Agreements void, if considerations and objects unlawful in part
S.25
Agreement without consideration, void, unless it is in writing and registered, or is a promise to compensate for something done, or is a promise to pay a debt barred by limitation law
S.26
Agreement in restraint of marriage, void
S.27
Agreement in restraint of trade, void
S.28
Agreements in restraint of legal proceedings, void
S.29
Agreements void for uncertainty
S.30
Agreements by way of wager, void
S.31
Section 31 [Repealed/Omitted]
Ch. III
Of Contingent Contracts
S.32
Enforcement of contracts contingent on an event happening
S.33
Enforcement of contracts contingent on an event not happening
S.34
When event on which contract is contingent to be deemed impossible, if it is the future conduct of a living person
S.35
When contracts become void, which are contingent on happening of specified event within fixed time
S.36
Agreement contingent on impossible events void
Ch. IV
Of the Performance of Contracts
S.37
Obligation of parties to contracts
S.38
Effect of refusal to accept offer of performance
S.39
Effect of refusal of party to perform promise wholly
S.40
Person by whom promise is to be performed
S.41
Effect of accepting performance from third person
S.42
Devolution of joint liabilities
S.43
Any one of joint promisors may be compelled to perform
S.44
Effect of release of one joint promisor
S.45
Devolution of joint rights
S.46
Time for performance of promise, where no application is to be made and no time is specified
S.47
Time and place for performance of promise, where time is specified and no application to be made
S.48
Application for performance on certain day to be at proper time and place
S.49
Place for the performance of promise, where no application to be made and no place fixed for performance
S.50
Performance in manner or at time prescribed or sanctioned by promisee
S.51
Promisor not bound to perform, unless reciprocal promisee ready and willing to perform
S.52
Order of performance of reciprocal promises
S.53
Liability of party preventing event on which contract is to take effect
S.54
Effect of default as to that promise which should be first performed, in contract consisting of reciprocal promises
S.55
Effect of failure to perform at fixed time, in contract in which time is essential
S.56
Agreement to do impossible act
S.57
Reciprocal promise to do things legal, and also other things illegal
S.58
Alternative promise, one branch being illegal
S.59
Application of payment where debt to be discharged is indicated
S.60
Application of payment where debt to be discharged is not indicated
S.61
Application of payment where neither party appropriates
S.62
Effect of novation, rescission, and alteration of contract
S.63
Promisee may dispense with or remit performance of promise
S.64
Consequences of rescission of voidable contract
S.65
Obligation of person who has received advantage under void agreement, or contract that becomes void
S.66
Mode of communicating or revoking rescission of voidable contract
S.67
Effect of neglect of promisee to afford promisor reasonable facilities for performance
Ch. V
Of Certain Relations Resembling those Created by Contract
S.68
Claim for necessaries supplied to person incapable of contracting, or on his account
S.69
Reimbursement of person paying money due by another, in payment of which he is interested
S.70
Obligation of person enjoying benefit of non-gratuitous act
S.71
Responsibility of finder of goods
S.72
Liability of person to whom money is paid, or thing delivered, by mistake or under coercion
Ch. VI
Of the Consequences of Breach of Contract
S.73
Compensation for loss or damage caused by breach of contract
S.74
Compensation for breach of contract where penalty stipulated for
S.75
Party rightfully rescinding contract, entitled to compensation
Ch. VII
Of the Sale of Goods [Repealed]
S.76-123
Sale of Goods [Repealed]
S.77
Section 77 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.78
Section 78 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.79
Section 79 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.80
Section 80 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.81
Section 81 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.82
Section 82 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.83
Section 83 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.84
Section 84 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.85
Section 85 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.86
Section 86 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.87
Section 87 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.88
Section 88 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.89
Section 89 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.90
Section 90 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.91
Section 91 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.92
Section 92 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.93
Section 93 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.94
Section 94 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.95
Section 95 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.96
Section 96 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.97
Section 97 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.98
Section 98 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.99
Section 99 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.100
Section 100 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.101
Section 101 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.102
Section 102 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.103
Section 103 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.104
Section 104 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.105
Section 105 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.106
Section 106 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.107
Section 107 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.108
Section 108 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.109
Section 109 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.110
Section 110 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.111
Section 111 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.112
Section 112 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.113
Section 113 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.114
Section 114 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.115
Section 115 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.116
Section 116 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.117
Section 117 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.118
Section 118 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.119
Section 119 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.120
Section 120 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.121
Section 121 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.122
Section 122 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.123
Section 123 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.124
Section 124 [Repealed/Omitted]
Ch. VIII
Of Indemnity and Guarantee
S.125
Rights of indemnity-holder when sued
S.126
Section 126 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.127
Consideration for guarantee
S.128
Section 128 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.129
Section 129 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.130
Revocation of continuing guarantee
S.131
Section 131 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.132
Section 132 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.133
Discharge of surety by variance in terms of contract
S.134
Discharge of surety by release or discharge of principal debtor
S.135
Discharge of surety when creditor compounds with, gives time to, or agrees not to sue, principal debtor
S.136
Surety not discharged when agreement made with third person to give time to principal debtor
S.137
Section 137 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.138
Release of one co-surety does not discharge others
S.139
Section 139 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.140
Rights of surety on payment or performance
S.141
Section 141 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.142
Guarantee obtained by misrepresentation, invalid
S.143
Guarantee obtained by concealment, invalid
S.144
Guarantee on contract that creditor shall not act on it until co-surety joins
S.145
Implied promise to indemnify surety
S.146
Co-sureties liable to contribute equally
S.147
Liability of co-sureties bound in different sums
S.148
Section 148 [Repealed/Omitted]
Ch. IX
Of Bailment
S.149
Delivery to bailee how made
S.150
Section 150 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.151
Care to be taken by bailee
S.152
Bailee when not liable for loss, etc., of thing bailed
S.153
Section 153 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.154
Liability of bailee making unauthorized use of goods bailed
S.155
Section 155 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.156
Section 156 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.157
Section 157 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.158
Repayment, by bailor, of necessary expenses
S.159
Restoration of goods lent gratuitously
S.160
Return of goods bailed, on expiration of time or accomplishment of purpose
S.161
Section 161 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.162
Termination of gratuitous bailment by death
S.163
Bailor entitled to increase or profit from goods bailed
S.164
Section 164 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.165
Bailment by several joint owners
S.166
Bailee not responsible on re-delivery to bailor without title
S.167
Right of third person claiming goods bailed
S.168
Right of finder of goods; may sue for specific reward offered
S.169
When finder of thing is in position of a bailee
S.170
Section 170 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.171
General lien of bankers, factors, wharfingers, attorneys and policy-brokers
S.172
Section 172 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.173
Section 173 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.174
Pawnee not to retain for debt or promise other than that for which goods pledged
S.175
Section 175 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.176
Section 176 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.177
Section 177 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.178
Pledge by mercantile agent
S.178A
Pledge by person in possession under voidable contract
S.179
Pledge where pawnor has only a limited interest
S.180
Suit by bailor or bailee against wrong-doer
S.181
Apportionment of relief or compensation obtained by such suits
S.182
Section 182 [Repealed/Omitted]
Ch. X
Of Agency
S.183
Who may employ agent
S.184
Who may be an agent
S.185
Consideration not necessary
S.186
Section 186 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.187
Definitions of express and implied authority
S.188
Section 188 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.189
Section 189 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.190
When agent cannot delegate
S.191
Section 191 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.192
Representation of principal by sub-agent properly appointed
S.193
Section 193 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.194
Relation between principal and person duly appointed by agent to act in business of agency
S.195
Section 195 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.196
Right of person as to acts done for him without his authority. Effect of ratification
S.197
Ratification may be expressed or implied
S.198
Knowledge requisite for valid ratification
S.199
Effect of ratifying unauthorized act forming part of a transaction
S.200
Ratification of unauthorized act cannot injure third person
S.201
Termination of agency
S.202
Termination of agency, where agent has an interest in subject-matter
S.203
Section 203 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.204
Revocation where authority has been partly exercised
S.205
Compensation for revocation by principal, or renunciation by agent
S.206
Notice of revocation or renunciation
S.207
Revocation and renunciation may be expressed or implied
S.208
Section 208 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.209
Section 209 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.210
Section 210 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.211
Section 211 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.212
Skill and diligence required from agent
S.213
Section 213 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.214
Section 214 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.215
Section 215 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.216
Section 216 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.217
Section 217 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.218
Section 218 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.219
Section 219 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.220
Agent not entitled to remuneration for business misconducted
S.221
Section 221 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.222
Agent to be indemnified against consequences of lawful acts
S.223
Agent to be indemnified against consequences of acts done in good faith
S.224
Non-liability of employer of agent to do a criminal act
S.225
Section 225 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.226
Section 226 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.227
Principal how far bound, when agent exceeds authority
S.228
Section 228 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.229
Consequences of notice given to agent
S.230
Agent cannot personally enforce, nor be bound by, contracts on behalf of principal
S.231
Rights of parties to a contract made by agent not disclosed
S.232
Performance of contract with agent supposed to be principal
S.233
Right of person dealing with agent personally liable
S.234
Consequence of inducing agent or principal to act on belief that principal or agent will not be held liable
S.235
Liability of pretended agent
S.236
Person falsely contracting as agent, not entitled to performance
S.237
Section 237 [Repealed/Omitted]
S.238
Effect, on agreement, of misrepresentation or fraud by agent
Ch. XI
Of Partnership [Repealed]
S.239-266
Of Partnership [Repealed]