Section 59: Proof of documents by primary evidence

Q: What is धारा 59 BSA?

धारा 59 BSA is the Devanagari Hindi reference for Section 59 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023. Section 59 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA) governs proof of documents by primary evidence. This section replaces Section 65, 65A of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 (IEA), effective from 1 July 2024. As verified on 21 May 2026.

Q: What is Dhara 59 BSA?

Dhara 59 BSA is the Roman Hindi reference for Section 59 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023. "Dhara" means "Section" in Hindi. Section 59 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA) governs proof of documents by primary evidence. This section replaces Section 65, 65A of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 (IEA), effective from 1 July 2024. As verified on 21 May 2026.

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Table of Contents

Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023

Chapter V — Of Documentary Evidence

Section 59

Proof of documents by primary evidence

Quick Answer

What is Section 59 of Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA)?

Section 59 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA) pertains to “Proof of documents by primary evidence”. Also referred to as Dhara 59 BSA or BSA Sec 59.

Act: Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023

Section

59 – Proof of documents by primary evidence

Chapter

Chapter V — Of Documentary Evidence

Status

● In Force

Jurisdiction

Republic of India

Hindi

धारा 59 BSADhara 59 BSA

Verified by editorial team on Pending · Last system check: 21 May 2026

Reviewed by LOTS Editorial Board · Last verified 21 May 2026

Key Facts & Information

Enactment DateUnknown

Scope & ContextThis provision forms part of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023.

New LawEffective 1 July 2024

Replaces

IEA §65, 65A

Indian Evidence Act, 1872

This Section

BSA §59

Section 59

Section 59 of the BSA replaces Section 65, 65A of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 (IEA), effective from 1 July 2024. This is part of India's comprehensive criminal law reform.

Read old IEA →📊 Compare BSA §59 vs IEA §65, 65A

Documents shall be proved by primary evidence except in the cases hereinafter mentioned.

Frequently Asked Questions

What does Section 59 of Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 deal with?

Section 59 BSA pertains to "Proof of documents by primary evidence". It is part of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023, a legislation enacted by the Parliament of India.

Is Section 59 BSA still in force?

Yes, Section 59 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 is currently in force across the Republic of India.

What is Dhara 59 BSA in Hindi?

Dhara 59 BSA is the Hindi reference for Section 59 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023. "Dhara" (धारा) means "Section" in Hindi legal terminology.

Which old section does Section 59 BSA replace?

Section 59 replaces Section 65, 65A of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 (IEA), effective from 1 July 2024.

How to cite Section 59 of Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023?

Cite as: "Section 59, Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA)" in legal briefs. For academic writing, use the BlueBook format.